Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Bacteria Isolated from Ophthalmic Specimens between 1984 and 2005 in Zurich, Switzerland

Pp, Maurer; Zbinden, Reinhard; Kaufmann, C.; Ma, Thiel

doi:10.1055/s-2007-962836

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This suggests that rate of antibiotic resistance in ocular P. aeruginosa is stable. Furthermore, reports of antibiotic resistance monitoring studies have shown that the antibiotic resistance pattern in eye isolates of P. aeruginosa has not substantially changed over this period . However, similar to the finding of this analysis, antibiotic resistance rate was higher in certain geographical locations .…”

Section: P Aeruginosa In Eye Infectionssupporting

confidence: 81%

Overview of mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: an ocular perspective

Subedi

Vijay

Willcox

2018

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

114

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Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa eye infections often becomes a challenge due to the ability of this bacterium to be resistant to antibiotics via intrinsic and acquired mechanisms. Transfer of resistance due to interchangeable genetic elements is an important mechanism for the rapid transfer of antibiotic resistance in this pathogen. As a result, drug-resistant strains are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. This review systematically analyses data from recent publications to describe the global prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity of ocular P. aeruginosa. Thirty-seven studies were selected for review from PubMed-based searches using the criteria 'microbial keratitis OR eye infection AND Pseudomonas aeruginosa AND antibiotic resistance' and limiting to papers from 2011 onward, to demonstrate the antibiotic resistance from isolates from around the world. Subsequently, we reviewed the ways in which P. aeruginosa can become resistant to antibiotics. Both the rate of isolation of bacteria in general (79 per cent of cases), and prevalence of P. aeruginosa (68 per cent of all isolates) were highest in contact lens-related microbial keratitis. The average resistance rate to common ocular antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin (9 per cent), gentamicin (22 per cent) and ceftazidime (13 per cent) remained relatively low. However, there were large variations in resistance rates reported in studies from different countries, for example resistance to ciprofloxacin reached up to 33 per cent. We next reviewed the types of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as plasmids, integrons and transposons that are frequently associated with drug resistance in P. aeruginosa. MGEs are important for the transmission of resistance to beta-lactams and aminoglycosides and recently have been shown to be potential factors for the transmission of fluoroquinolone resistance. Studies on the molecular mechanisms of resistance transfer in ocular P. aeruginosa have begun to be reported and will provide valuable information on the emergence of new antibiotic resistance and potential to treat resistant strains.

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Section: P Aeruginosa In Eye Infectionssupporting

confidence: 81%

Overview of mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: an ocular perspective

Subedi

Vijay

Willcox

2018

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

114

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“…Strain characterization is imperative because many isolates belonging to CoNS also reside as commensals in the extraocular tissues such as lids and conjunctiva. 1,8 Many techniques have been used to characterize strains of CoNS responsible for blood stream infections (BSI) and other device-related infections to determine the clonality, and also to conclusively distinguish clinically significant organisms from that of commensals or contaminants. 9 Such kind of comparative studies are lacking on CoNS isolates of ocular origin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) Other thanStaphylococcus epidermidisIsolated from Ocular Infections

Makki

Sharma

Duggirala

et al. 2011

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Identification results of these two methods corresponded only in 48.4% of the isolates suggesting that the battery of tests using API were not sufficient enough to identify all the species of CoNS. Therefore, it is sensible to rely on two or more identification methods particularly when API species identification has a lower score. FAFLP genotyping appears to be a reliable and rapid alternative identification method for CoNS that can be used in conjunction with any other phenotypic method.

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“…17 A study by Maurer et al in Switzerland over 20 years on 7862 patients showed 38.3% positivity for aerobic bacteria. 18 19 This may be attributed to the small sample size and shorter duration of the study In present study, gram positive organism was most sensitive (100%) to vancomycin and chloramphenicol whereas gram negatives to moxifloxacin, tobramycin and gentamycin. Overall, ciprofloxacin was the most effective antimicrobial agents with susceptibility rate of 78.0%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of ocular infections at Regional Ophthalmic Institute in India

Nuzhat

Bandyopadhyay

Chaurasia

et al. 2020

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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Background: Ocular infections are a result of alteration in the normal microbial flora of eye. They are not only responsible for increase in morbidity varying from self-limiting trivial infection to sight threatening infection but also blindness.Methods: Patients with ocular infections were recruited at Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh. Bacterial profile in ocular infections and susceptibility pattern to commonly used antibiotics were analyzed amongst these patients. The isolated organism was then identified by colony morphology, gram stain and biochemical test following which in vitro susceptibility test was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and interpreted clinically.Results: Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Streptococcus were most common etiological agents of ocular infections in the present study. It was observed that bacterial isolates were highly (in 100% of cases) susceptible to vancomycin and chloramphenicol among gram positive organisms. Gram negative organisms showed higher susceptibility to moxifloxacin, tobramycin and gentamycin. Pseudomonas was seen to have sensitivity towards ceftazidime and cefazolin.Conclusions: The present study gives an insight into use of ocular antimicrobials in northern India. These findings illustrate the need for constant bacterial surveillance before starting empirical treatment.

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Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Bacteria Isolated from Ophthalmic Specimens between 1984 and 2005 in Zurich, Switzerland

Abstract: The data suggest that bacteria cultured from ophthalmic specimens in Zurich, Switzerland have not changed their pattern of antibiotic susceptibility over the past 20 years.

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Overview of mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: an ocular perspective

Overview of mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: an ocular perspective

Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) Other thanStaphylococcus epidermidisIsolated from Ocular Infections

Analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of ocular infections at Regional Ophthalmic Institute in India

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