Anticancer Potential of Viva-Natural, a Dietary Seaweed Extract, on Lewis Lung Carcinoma in Comparison with Chemical Immunomodulators and on Cyclosporine-Accelerated AKR Leukemia

Abstract

Viva-Natural, extracted from a dietary seaweed, containing a macrophage-activating polysaccharide, has been confirmed to be active against intraperitoneally implanted Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and spontaneous AKR T cell leukemia. The antitumor potential against LLC has been evaluated in comparison with standard synthetic immunomodulators such as pyran copolymer (MVE-2), isoprinosine, levamisole, and tilorone while manipulating the immune systems by immunosuppressive agents, cyclophosphamide (CY) and 2-chloroadenosine. The anti-LLC activity of Viva-Natural has been found to be superior to that of isoprinosine but inferior to that of MVE-2. LLC-enhancing effect of CY could be partially reserved by the subsequent administration of Viva-Natural or MVE-2 but not by isoprinosine. 2-Chloroadenosine, a specific macrophage inhibitor, abrogated the anti-LLC activity of Viva-Natural and isoprinosine but not the activity of MVE-2. Levamisole and tilorone showed no anti-LLC activity. Ethanol-precipitable fraction of water-soluble part of Viva-Natural (crude polysaccharide) demonstrated curative activity similar to that of MVE-2. Viva-Natural reversed the potentiation effect of ciclosporin on the development of leukemia in AKR mice at preleukemic stage.

A Safety Review of Noni Fruit Juice

“…Noni juice and especially its ethanol insoluble precipitate (noni‐ppt) have demonstrated some potential as immunomodulators, with activity against Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) (Hirazumi and Furusawa 1999). Immunomodulating effects are also reported for some other safe foods and their components, such as kefir (Vinderola and others 2005); wakame, a seaweed widely consumed in Japan (Furusawa and Furusawa 1989); beta‐glucan, a major component of oats and some edible fungi (Kobayashi and others 2005); and even chocolate (Sanbongi and others 1997). The activity of noni juice against LLC was not due to cytotoxicity, but may be partially due to dietary antioxidant compounds, as reported for other foods (Sazuka and others 1995; Chen and others 2005).…”

Defensive effects of a fucoidan from brown alga Undaria pinnatifida against herpes simplex virus infection

“…The biological properties of algae have attracted special interest recently. There are many reports on the immunomodulating and anti-tumor activities of algae [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The active components contained in algae are known to be polysaccharides including sulfated polysaccharides [7][8][9][10][11]13,14].…”

Medicinal Plants and Other Living Organisms with Antitumor Potential against Lung Cancer

“…The antitumor potential against LLC has been evaluated in comparison with standard synthetic immunomodulators. The effect of Viva-Natural has been found to be superior to that of isoprinosine but inferior to that of MVE-2 (pyran copolymer) [91]. The combination therapy of Viva-Natural and standard anticancer drugs was additively or synergistically effective [90].…”