Anticonvulsant Essential Oils and Their Relationship with Oxidative Stress in Epilepsy

Fonsêca, Diogo Vilar da; Filho, Carlos da Silva Maia Bezerra; Lima, Tamires Cardoso; Almeida, Reinaldo Nóbrega de; Sousa, Damião Pergentino de

doi:10.3390/biom9120835

Cited by 56 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 265 publications

(253 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Similarly, β -patchoulene is known to prevent inflammatory reaction and neovascularization, thereby improving stomach ulcers [ 22 ], while linalool has soothing effects with known influence on increasing sleep duration and decreasing body temperature upon inhalation [ 23 ]. Carvone is found in the essential oil of Carum carvi L. (caraway) and is known for its anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties [ 24 ]. Citronellol is one of the primary compounds found in citronella oil, where inhalation is effective in lowering BAT temperature [ 25 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhalation of Patchouli (Pogostemon Cablin Benth.) Essential Oil Improved Metabolic Parameters in Obesity-Induced Sprague Dawley Rats

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated effects of patchouli essential oil (PEO) inhalation on metabolic parameters. First, to characterize aromatic compounds in PEO, solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometric detection was employed in which 19 aromatic compounds were identified. In GC-olfactometry analysis, linalool, α-patchoulene, and β-patchoulene were found to be the constituents exhibiting the highest similarity to the aromatic compounds in patchouli. In an animal experiment using Sprague Darley rats, groups with PEO inhalation had a reduced food intake compared to the control group. Additionally, body weight was lower in the obesity-induced animal model exposed to PEO inhalation than the group without PEO. However, we found no significant difference in organ weights between groups. In our serum analysis, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly higher in the PEO inhalation groups, while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol content was highest in the positive control group, suggesting that inhalation of the aromatic compounds present in patchouli may improve cholesterol profile. In addition, leptin levels were reduced in the groups treated with PEO inhalation, which explains the differences in food intake and body weight gains. Last, animal groups exposed to PEO inhalation showed a relatively lower systolic blood pressure which suggests that inhalation of PEO (or aromatic compounds therein) may assist in regulating blood pressure. Collectively, our data demonstrate that the inhalation of PEO influenced certain markers related to metabolic diseases, hence provide basic data for future research as to preventive/therapeutic applications of PEO as well as their aromatic constituents.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhalation of Patchouli (Pogostemon Cablin Benth.) Essential Oil Improved Metabolic Parameters in Obesity-Induced Sprague Dawley Rats

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Indeed, it has been characterized by a plethora of biological activities, among which analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, and antiproliferative were the most investigated; moreover, it has been reported to affect phospholipid cooperativity and membrane permeability ( Table 3 ). These properties have provided benefits in several experimental models of disease, such as neurodegeneration, inflammation, pain, anxiety, depression, autoimmune diseases, metabolic ailments, osteoarthritis and some cancer models [ 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 150 , 151 , 152 , 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 , 158 , 159 , 160 , 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 , 165 , 166 , 167 , 168 ,…”

Section: Caryophyllane Sesquiterpenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemopreventive Potential of Caryophyllane Sesquiterpenes: An Overview of Preliminary Evidence

Sotto

Mancinelli

Gullì

et al. 2020

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chemoprevention is referred to as a strategy to inhibit, suppress, or reverse tumor development and progression in healthy people along with high-risk subjects and oncologic patients through using pharmacological or natural substances. Numerous phytochemicals have been widely described in the literature to possess chemopreventive properties, although their clinical usefulness remains to be defined. Among them, caryophyllane sesquiterpenes are natural compounds widely occurring in nature kingdoms, especially in plants, fungi, and marine environments. Several structures, characterized by a common caryophyllane skeleton with further rearrangements, have been identified, but those isolated from plant essential oils, including β-caryophyllene, β-caryophyllene oxide, α-humulene, and isocaryophyllene, have attracted the greatest pharmacological attention. Emerging evidence has outlined a complex polypharmacological profile of caryophyllane sesquiterpenes characterized by blocking, suppressing, chemosensitizing, and cytoprotective properties, which suggests a possible usefulness of these natural substances in cancer chemoprevention for both preventive and adjuvant purposes. In the present review, the scientific knowledge about the chemopreventive properties of caryophyllane sesquiterpenes and the mechanisms involved have been collected and discussed; moreover, possible structure–activity relationships have been highlighted. Although further high-quality studies are required, the promising preclinical findings and the safe pharmacological profile encourage further studies to define a clinical usefulness of caryophyllane sesquiterpenes in primary, secondary, or tertiary chemoprevention.

show abstract

“…4 Experiments conducted in animal models suggest the overproduction of reactive oxygen/nitrosative species (ROS/ RNS) and inactivation of endogenous antioxidant molecules in the brain tissue following the progression of epileptic seizures. 5,6 In addition, the inflammatory response including activation of glial cells and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines has been assumed to enhance apoptotic events resulting in neuronal loss which play a crucial role in the development of seizures. 7,8 Moreover, the dysregulation of the monoaminergic, amino acidergic and cholinergic transmission has been demonstrated during the epileptic seizures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Selenium Nanoparticles Pre-Treatment Reverse Behavioral, Oxidative Damage, Neuronal Loss and Neurochemical Alterations in Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Epileptic Seizures in Mice</p>

Yuan¹,

Fu²,

Ji³

et al. 2020

IJN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition characterized by behavioral, molecular, and neurochemical alterations. Current antiepileptic drugs are associated with various adverse impacts. The main goal of the current study is to investigate the possible anticonvulsant effect of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)mediated epileptic seizures in mice hippocampus. Sodium valproate (VPA) was used as a standard anti-epileptic drug. Methods: Mice were assigned into five groups (n=15): control, SeNPs (5 mg/kg, orally), PTZ (60 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), SeNPs+PTZ and VPA (200 mg/kg)+PTZ. All groups were treated for 10 days. Results: PTZ injection triggered a state of oxidative stress in the hippocampal tissue as represented by the elevated lipoperoxidation, heat shock protein 70 level, and nitric oxide formation while decreased glutathione level and antioxidant enzymes activity. Additionally, the blotting analysis showed downregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the epileptic mice. A state of neuroinflammation was recorded following the developed seizures represented by the increased pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, neuronal apoptosis was recorded following the development of epileptic convulsions. At the neurochemical level, acetylcholinesterase activity and monoamines content were decreased in the epileptic mice, accompanied by high glutamate and low GABA levels in the hippocampal tissue. However, SeNP supplementation was found to delay the onset and decreased the duration of tonic, myoclonic, and generalized seizures following PTZ injection. Moreover, SeNPs were found to provide neuroprotection through preventing the development of oxidative challenge via the upregulation of Nrf2 and HO-1, inhibiting the inflammatory response and apoptotic cascade. Additionally, SeNPs reversed the changes in the activity and levels of neuromodulators following the development of epileptic seizures. Conclusion: The obtained results suggest that SeNPs could be used as a promising anticonvulsant drug due to its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuromodulatory activities.

show abstract

Anticonvulsant Essential Oils and Their Relationship with Oxidative Stress in Epilepsy

Cited by 56 publications

References 265 publications

Inhalation of Patchouli (Pogostemon Cablin Benth.) Essential Oil Improved Metabolic Parameters in Obesity-Induced Sprague Dawley Rats

Inhalation of Patchouli (Pogostemon Cablin Benth.) Essential Oil Improved Metabolic Parameters in Obesity-Induced Sprague Dawley Rats

Chemopreventive Potential of Caryophyllane Sesquiterpenes: An Overview of Preliminary Evidence

<p>Selenium Nanoparticles Pre-Treatment Reverse Behavioral, Oxidative Damage, Neuronal Loss and Neurochemical Alterations in Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Epileptic Seizures in Mice</p>

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About