Antifungal Activity of Thiophenes from Echinops ritro

Abstract

Extracts from 30 plants of the Greek flora were evaluated for their antifungal activity using direct bioautography assays with three Colletotrichum species. Among the bioactive extracts, the dichloromethane extract of the radix of Echinops ritro (Asteraceae) was the most potent. Bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract led to the isolation of eight thiophenes. Antifungal activities of isolated compounds together with a previously isolated thiophene from Echinops transiliensis were first evaluated by bioautography and subsequently evaluated in greater detail using a broth microdilution assay against plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum fragariae, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Phomopsis viticola, and Phomopsis obscurans. 5'-(3-Buten-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithiophen (1), alpha-terthienyl (2), and 2-[pent-1,3-diynyl]-5-[4-hydroxybut-1-ynyl]thiophene (5) at 3 and 30 microM were active against all three Colletotrichum species, F. oxysporum, P. viticola, and P. obscurans.

Description of the immature stages of Larinus vulpes and notes on its biology (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Lixinae)

“…The chemical composition of Echinops is also somewhat specific, and some species in this genus have insecticidal, nematicidal, antifungal, bactericidal and also antiviral properities (i.e. Fokialakis et al 2006; Zhanget al 2009; Abdelnabby and Abdelrahman 2012; Tekwu et al 2012; Gemechu et al 2013; Liu et al 2013). Therefore, the inhabitants of Echinops flower heads might also be protected from some parasites and predators because of the chemical compounds in the plant.…”

Chemical Constituents of Echinops Spinosissimus Turra.

“…The genus Echinops belongs to family Asteraceae and comprises over 120 species of which five were known to grow in Egypt (Tâkholm, 1974) (Metwally, 1987;Yasukawa et al, 1996), flavonoids (Ram et al, 1996;Singh et al, 2006), volatile oil (Papadopoulou et al, 2006) and lignans (Tene et al, 2004). Several members of genus Echinops showed hepatoprotective (Lin and Lin, 1993), antiinflammatory (Yadava and Singh, 2006), anti-fungal (Fokialakis et al, 2006). Plants produce and store several carbohydrates, most of which must be regarded as primary metabolites.…”

In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of Selected Plant Extracts against Papaya Carica papaya L.) Anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)

“…Plant extracts are emerging as safer alternatives to conventional fungicides for the control of plant diseases [6]. Natural product-based fungicides have the ability to decompose rapidly, thereby reducing their risk to the environment [7]. The antifungal activities of different plant species and the importance of plants as possible sources of natural fungicides are well established.…”