Antimicrobial Activities of Chrysophyllum Albidum Leaves, Fruits and Seeds

Abstract

Background: Chrysophyllum albidum is a medicinal plant that belongs to the Sapotaceae family. This study was carried out to determine the antimicrobial activities of the leaves, seeds and fruits of Chrysophyllum albidum.Materials and Methods: The fruits, leaves and seeds of Chrysophyllum albidum were extracted with distilled water, Seaman's Schnapps, Methanol and Petroleum ether using cold extraction. These extracts were tested on various organisms. Antimicrobial activities of the various extracts were determined using the agar well diffusion technique to detect the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC).Results and Discussion: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited by all the extracts at MIC between 32µg/ml to 512µg/ml except Seaman's Schnapps leaves and petroleum ether seed extract. The fruit extracts had a high antimicrobial activity against all the tested organisms. The extracts from Seaman's Schnapps had little activity while the aqueous extracts had MIC ranging from 64-512µg/ml on most of the organisms tested. The statistical analysis of the extracts indicated P-value of 0.122 for Aqueous extracts, which was statistically insignificant compared to 0.003 for Methanolic extracts and 0.001 for Seaman's Schnapps extracts in the inhibition pattern of the extracts. Aqueous extracts showed more inhibitory activity than Methanolic and Seaman's Schnaps extracts.

Cholinesterase Inhibition, Biological Activity and Characterization of Chrysophyllum albidum Leaf and Stem-Bark Chloroform Extract Using GC-MS: An In Vitro Study

“…This is higher when compared to the concentration of total phenolic content of C. albidumobtained from different organic solvent of extracts of the seed, fruit pulp and skin that yielded 6.72, 1.28 and 12.66 and that of the flavonoids were 9.42, 2.69 and 11.66 respectively expressed as mg/GAEq. 16 George et al 2 also detected flavonoids and steroids but not saponnins and tannins. The presence of flavonoids and phenolic in the extracts could be responsible for some of the beneficial effects attributed to the plant.…”

“…Such free radical scavenging potentials could prevent oxidative stress-related chronic diseases or disorders 22 . Morufuet al 2 reported positive result of the plants leaf which showed 69-88% with increasing concentration of extract. George et al 2 28 .…”

“…Morufuet al 2 reported positive result of the plants leaf which showed 69-88% with increasing concentration of extract. George et al 2 28 . Obohet al 23 obtained a lower acetylcholinesterase inhibition in their study on aqueous extract of C. albidumfruitpulp, seed coat and bark coat which ranged from 12-57%, indicating that the leaf of C. albudum has more acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential.…”

Comparative leaf and wood anatomical characteristics of Chrysophyllum (Sapotaceae) relate to taxonomy of the species in Thailand

“…Koffi et al (2009) claimed that alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, sterols and triterpenes had been chemically examined in leaf of C. cainito, this has been applied to resist diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. Nonetheless, a number of research reveal that leaf extracts of many Chysophyllum species have been used in the application of anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial and so on (Mallikarjun et al 2011;Meira et al 2014;Li et al 2015;Mao et al 2015;Hegde et al 2016;Ningsih et al 2016;Doan et al 2018;George et al 2018) In spite of a great number of benefits of the genus to the society, identification of Chrysophyllum has been found to be untenable. Most identification keys were constructed from their leaf and floral features (Chayamarit 2014) which are difficult for the users in identifying the plant because of the non-availability of the flowering stage and morphological similarities of a variety of species.…”

Effect of polythene pot thickness on seedling growth of Chrysophyllum albidum G. Don (Ericales: Sapotaceae)

“…According to George et al (2018), the fleshy fruit pulp is suitable for jams and eaten especially as snacks by both young and old. Besides, C. albidum plant parts have been used in folk medicine.…”