Antimicrobial Activity of Six Constituents of Essential Oil from Salvia

Abstract

The antimicrobial activity of three Salvia species, i.e. S. santolinifolia, S. hydrangea and S. mirzayanii, essential oils were investigated. The essential oils were obtained from the aerial parts of plants and analyzed by GC-MS. The main constituents of aforementioned species were α-pinene (72.4%), -pinene (6.6%) and limonene (5.3%); -caryophyllene (25.1%), 1,8-cineol (15.2%) and caryophyllene oxide (11.5%); α-terpinenyl acetate (22.6%), 1,8-cineol (21.2%) and linalool (8.9%), respectively. Bioassays exhibited that the property of the oil of S. myrzayanii was superior to others. The antimicrobial activity of essential oil from Salvia species may well be due to the presence of synergy between six tested compounds (linalool, 1,8-cineol, α-pinene, -pinene, -caryophyllene and limonene) and other constituents of the oils with various degrees of antimicrobial activity. Among these, linalool and 1,8-cineol had the highest antimicrobial activity.

Antifungal activity of lemon (Citrus lemon L.), mandarin (Citrus reticulata L.), grapefruit (Citrus paradisi L.) and orange (Citrus sinensis L.) essential oils

“…This activity may be produced by a single major compound or by the synergistic or antagonistic effect of various compounds (Deba, Xuan, Yasuda, & Tawata, 2007). Several authors have attributed the antifungal capacity of citrus essential oils to the presence of components such as el D-limonene, linalool or citral Alma et al, 2004;Bezic, Skocibusic, & Dunkic, 2005;Rasooli, Moosavi, Rezaee, & Jaimand, 2002;Rodov, Ben-Yoshua, Fang, Kim, & Ashkenazi, 1995;Sonboli, Babakhani, & Mehrabian, 2006;Tepe et al, 2006) which are present in differing concentrations in citric EOs (Vekiari et al, 2002;Veriotti & Sacks, 2001). Other author attributed this function to the phenolic compounds: the amphipathicity of these compounds can explain their interactions with biomembrane and thus the antimicrobial activity (Veldhuizen, Tjeerdsma-van Bokhoven, Zweijtzer, Burt, & Haagsman, 2006).…”

Chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of essential oils of three Australian Eucalyptus species

“…A number of compounds present in relatively high concentrations in the essential oil of E. staigeriana are known to have antimicrobial properties. Particularly worth noting is 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol), which accounted for approximately 35% of the essential oil of E. staigeriana and which has been found to have relatively strong antimicrobial properties against many important pathogens and spoilage organisms including S. aureus (Rosato, Vitali, De Laurentis, Armenise, & Milillo, 2007), Fusarium solani (Pitarokili, Tzakou, Loukis, & Harvala, 2003), E. coli and Bacillus subtilis (Sonboli, Babakhani, & Mehrabian, 2006). Geraniol, which represented 3.4% of the essential oil of E. staigeriana but has an antimicrobial activity against S. aureus 3-7 times higher than that of 1,8-cineole (Bakkali et al, 2008), could also be expected to make a significant contribution to the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil.…”

Volatile Compounds in Fruits of Peucedanum cervaria (Lap.) L.

“…These differences could be due to the nature and level of the antimicrobial agents present in the plant extracts and their mode of action on the different test microorganisms. Additionally, synergistic and antagonistic effects between compounds occurring in plant extracts may play an important role for their antimicrobial properties [23] [25].…”