Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Resins and Essential Oil From Pine (Pinus merkusii, Pinuso ocarpa, Pinus insularis) and Agathis (Agathis loranthifolia)

Abstract

The most common human pathogen that colonizes in a third of healthy people around the world are Staphylococcus aureus, and one of the materials allegedly able to overcome the pathogen is resin. Resin has been used in folk medicine for thousands of years to treat diseases. The antimicrobial activity of natural resins can be associated with a variety of organic compounds contained in them such as diterpenoids and triterpenoids. This research aimed to explore the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Pinus merkusii, P. oocarpa, P. insularis, Agathis loranthifolia resins and essential oil. Resin was separated by distillation process to get essential oil and the residue was extracted using n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol (MeOH). Antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH (1,1diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging method. The antibacterial activity of resins and essential oil of the samples determined using the disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The results showed that the yield of resin extract was ranging from 8.44 % to 95.56%. All extracts and essential oil could not inhibit E coli growth but inhibit the S. aureus growth. This experiment concluded that resin n-hexane extract from P.oocarpa was the most potent as antibacterial activity against S. aureus. All of the samples used had less potential antioxidant activity compared to positive control ascorbic acid. Result of this study show that pine resin from Indonesia is potential as an antibacterial agent.

Aktivitas Antioksidan, Antibakteri, dan Toksisitas Ekstrak Kulit Batang Pohon Kesambi (Schleichera oleosa (Lour) Oken)

“…Pengujian antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar (Tillah et al 2017) terhadap S. aureus (ATTC 6538) dan E. coli (ATTC 25922) diinkubasi pada suhu 37 o C selama 24 jam dalam medium cair. Selanjutnya medium agar ditambahkan dengan inokulum bakteri dan ditempatkan ke dalam cawan Petri lalu dibiarkan hingga memadat.…”

Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Daemonorops draco Resin

“…Right after the incubation process at 37 °C for 24 h was done, the diameter of inhibition zones were measured (in mm). In addition, tetracycline was used as a positive control and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 20% used as negative control (Tillah et al, 2017).…”

The Potential of Liquid Tofu Waste in Increasing Antioxidant Activity of Robusta Green Coffee

“…Antioxidant activity was calculated as a percentage of inhibition to DPPH (percentage of "scavenging effect"), ie:% inhibition = [1 (absorbance of a sample / absorbance of blank)] x 100%. The value of IC50 was the sample concentration required to deliver 50% inhibition (Naidu et al, 2008;Saboo et al, 2013;Tillah et al, 2017).…”