Antimicrobial resistance and genomic rep-PCR fingerprints of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from animals on the background of the global population structure

Abstract

Background Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important human opportunistic pathogen responsible for fatal nosocomial infections worldwide, and has emerged as a relevant animal pathogen. Treatment options are dramatically decreasing, due to antimicrobial resistance and the microorganism’s large versatile genome.Antimicrobial resistance profiles, serotype frequency and genomic profile of unrelated P. aeruginosa isolates of veterinary origin (n = 73), including domesticated, farm, zoo and wild animals mainly from Portugal were studied. The genomic profile, determined by DiversiLab system (Rep-PCR-based technique), was compared with the P. aeruginosa global population structure to evaluate their relatedness.ResultsAround 40% of the isolates expressed serotypes O6 (20.5%) and O1 (17.8%). A total of 46.6% of isolates was susceptible to all antimicrobials tested. Isolates obtained from most animals were non-multidrug resistant (86.3%), whereas 11% were multidrug resistant, MDR (non-susceptible to at least one agent in ≥ three antimicrobial categories), and 2.7% extensively drug resistant, XDR (non-susceptible to at least one agent in all but two or fewer antimicrobial categories). Resistance percentages were as follows: amikacin (0.0%), aztreonam (41.1%), cefepime (9.6%), ceftazidime (2.7%), ciprofloxacin (15.1%), colistin (0.0%), gentamicin (12.3%), imipenem (1.4%), meropenem (1.4%), piperacillin + tazobactam (12.3%), ticarcillin (16.4%), ticarcillin + clavulanic acid (17.8%), and tobramycin (1.4%).Animal isolates form a population with a non-clonal epidemic structure indistinguishable from the global P. aeruginosa population structure, where no specific ‘animal clonal lineage’ was detected.ConclusionsSerotypes O6 and O1 were the most frequent. Serotype frequency and antimicrobial resistance patterns found in P. aeruginosa from animals were as expected for this species. This study confirms earlier results that P. aeruginosa has a non-clonal population structure, and shows that P. aeruginosa population from animals is homogeneously scattered and indistinguishable from the global population structure.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-017-0977-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Antimicrobial resistance and virulence of Pseudomonas spp. among healthy animals: concern about exolysin ExlA detection

“…isolates of Pseudomonas spp.. A total of 133 Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from 46 animal samples (6.5%) as follows (number of isolates): wild boars (57), mallards (30), ticks (17), farm animals (9), pets (10), rabbits (5), micromammals (3), and deer (2) ( Supplementary Table S1). These isolates were classified into the following species (number of isolates): P. aeruginosa (33), P. putida (23), P. fluorescens (17), Pseudomonas spp.…”

“…Additionally, those six exlA-positive strains produced more biofilm biomass (more than three times), phenazines, and motility (swimming and swarming) than the control PAO1 strain. On the other hand, the three remaining T3SS-positive P. aeruginosa strains were serotyped as O:6, one of the predominant serotypes in clinical and non-clinical strains 29,30 , and showed more biofilm biomass (range 146-166%) and motility, but lower phenazine pigment production than the PAO1 strain.…”

Pseudomonads from wild free-living sea turtles in Príncipe Island, Gulf of Guinea

“…The P. aeruginosa isolate detected was from serotype O6, a predominant serotype commonly obtained from samples from several origins, including cystic fibrosis patients, human and animal diseases and the environment (Pirnay et al 2002(Pirnay et al , 2009. This isolate was included in another study (Serrano et al, 2017) in which it was concluded that animal P. aeruginosa population is homogeneously scattered and indistinguishable from the global population structure.…”

“…The oprI-positive isolates (n = 13) were then identified biochemically at species level using the Vitek 2 system (BioMerieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France), and antibiotic resistance (ABR) profiling was performed using the same system in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Antibiotic compounds were tested as previously (Serrano et al, 2017) and were as follows: amikacin, aztreonam, cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, colistin, gentamicin, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin + tazobactam, ticarcillin, ticarcillin + clavulanic acid, and tobramycin. Antibiotic resistance phenotypes, represented by the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were interpreted according to CLSI guidelines for Bacteria Isolated from Animals (CLSI, 2015a).…”

Planning a One Health Case Study to Evaluate Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Its Economic Burden in Portugal

“…Our recently published research reveals that MRSA are common in the Portuguese animal communities (Coelho et al, 2011; Marinho et al, 2016) and that the environment and wild animals can be a reservoir or a vehicle of transport for MRSA (Sousa et al, 2017). Currently our research group is one of the few in Portugal that studies antibiotic resistance in wild animals (Oliveira et al, 2010; Clemente et al, 2015; Dias et al, 2015; Jones-Dias et al, 2016; Serrano et al, 2017). For example, we reported the first MRSA isolate of the CC398 ( spa -type t899) lineage from a wild animal in this country, recovered from a wild boar ( Sus scrofa ).…”