Antimicrobial Resistance and Potential Pathogenicity of<i>Escherichia coli</i>Isolates from Healthy Broilers in Québec, Canada

Vounba, Passoret; Arsenault, Julie; Alambédji, Rianatou Bada; Fairbrother, John M.

doi:10.1089/mdr.2018.0403

“…Although ESBL production clearly exceeds AmpC production as the major cause of β-lactam resistance, the later enzymes are now being recognized as a growing problem in different members of the Enterobacteriaceae, including E. coli, as evidenced by the increasing number of these strains being reported across the globe. Sources of AmpC-producing E. coli strains include livestock [64], the environment [65], as colonizers of the human gut [66] and as cause of human infections. The prevalence of these strains isolated as causative agents of human infections varies, ranging from 2.0% reported in a Portuguese hospital [67] to 16.7% from three university hospitals in Iran [68] to 29.0% from five referral hospitals in Sudan [69].…”

Section: Ampc β-Lactamases (Ampc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli

Galindo-Méndez¹

2020

E. Coli Infections - Importance of Early Diagnosis and Efficient Treatment

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In the last decades, antimicrobial resistance has become a global threat to public health systems worldwide. Among those bacteria that pose the greatest threat to human health because of its growing resistance to antibiotics are the members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. Among the different antibiotic-resistant mechanisms developed by bacteria, the ones found in Enterobacteriaceae are more diverse than those in other families and include resistance to different antibiotic groups, advantages that partially explain why these microorganisms are among the most common causes of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections in humans. Due to the continuously increasing number of infections caused by multidrug-resistant E. coli due to its ease of transmission via the fecaloral route among humans and from environmental sources, the understanding of the epidemiology of these strains and their mechanisms of resistance are key components in the fight against these infections.

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“…enterica and E . coli plasmids in Canadian farm animals, including plasmids of the FIB, I1, A/C, K, K/B, and B/O incompatibility groups [ 7 – 10 ]. Until recently, CMY-2 has been the main determinant of ESC resistance in bacteria from farm animals in Canada [ 11 , 12 ] and the few ESBLs found were SHV-2 and SHV-2a [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although CTX-Ms were detected in human and canine clinical isolates in Canada in the early 2000’s [ 14 , 15 ], they have appeared only recently in Enterobacterales from farm animals in Canada [ 9 , 12 ]. They have now spread among bacteria from cattle, chicken, and swine [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 16 , 17 ]. A variety of CTX-M types have been identified in E .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in Escherichia coli and other Enterobacterales from Canadian turkeys

Moffat

¹

,

Chalmers

²

,

Reid‐Smith

³

et al. 2020

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The goal of this study was to determine the frequency of resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) in Escherichia coli and other Enterobacterales from turkeys in Canada and characterize the associated resistance determinants. Pooled fecal samples were collected in 77 turkey farms across British Columbia, Québec, and Ontario. Isolates were obtained with and without selective enrichment cultures and compared to isolates from diagnostic submissions of suspected colibacillosis cases in Ontario. Isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF and susceptibility to ESCs was assessed by disk diffusion. The presence of bla CMY , bla CTX-M , bla TEM, and bla SHV was tested by PCR. Transformation experiments were used to characterize bla CMY plasmids. Genome sequencing with short and long reads was performed on a representative sample of bla CTX-M -positive isolates to assess isolates relatedness and characterize bla CTX-M plasmids. For the positive enrichment cultures (67% of total samples), 93% (587/610) were identified as E . coli , with only a few other Enterobacterales species identified. The frequency of ESC resistance was low in E . coli isolates from diagnostic submission (4%) and fecal samples without selective enrichment (5%). Of the ESC-resistant Enterobacterales isolates from selective enrichments, 71%, 18%, 14%, and 8% were positive for bla CMY , bla TEM, bla CTX-M, and bla SHV , respectively. IncI1 followed by IncK were the main incompatibility groups identified for bla CMY plasmids. The bla CTX-M-1 gene was found repeatedly on IncI1 plasmids of the pMLST type 3, while bla CTX-M-15 , bla CTX-M-55 , and bla CTX-M-65 were associated with a variety of IncF plasmids. Clonal spread of strains carrying bla CTX-M genes between turkey farms was observed, as well as the presence of an epidemic bla CTX-M-1 plasmid in unrelated E . coli strains. In conclusion, Enterobacterales resistant to ESCs were still widespread at low concentration in turkey feces two years after the cessation of ceftiofur use. Although bla CMY-2 is the main ESC resistance determinant in E . co...

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“…Subsequently, this variant was also reported in E. coli isolates from intensive care units (ICUs) between 2005 and 2006 12 . The first reports of bla CMY-2 in Enterobacterales from food-producing animals in Canada were between 1995 and 1999 13 , and the gene has been commonly found in E. coli and Salmonella enterica from food-producing animals and food since then [14][15][16] . ESBLs in Canada were first observed in 2000 in E. coli and Klebsiella spp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance genes in Escherichia coli from Europe and North America

Zamudio

¹

,

Beyrouthy

²

,

Madec

³

et al. 2022

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Extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) are critically important antimicrobial agents for human and veterinary medicine. ESC resistance (ESC-R) genes have spread worldwide through plasmids and clonal expansion, yet the distribution and dynamics of ESC-R genes in different ecological compartments are poorly understood. Here we use whole genome sequence data of Enterobacterales isolates of human and animal origin from Europe and North America and identify contrasting temporal dynamics. AmpC β-lactamases were initially more dominant in North America in humans and farm animals, only later emerging in Europe. In contrast, specific extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were initially common in animals from Europe and later emerged in North America. This study identifies differences in the relative importance of plasmids and clonal expansion across different compartments for the spread of different ESC-R genes. Understanding the mechanisms of transmission will be critical in the design of interventions to reduce the spread of antimicrobial resistance.

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Antimicrobial Resistance and Potential Pathogenicity ofEscherichia coliIsolates from Healthy Broilers in Québec, Canada

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli

Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli

Resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in Escherichia coli and other Enterobacterales from Canadian turkeys

Dynamics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance genes in Escherichia coli from Europe and North America

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