Antioxidant and Toxicity Studies of 50% Methanolic Extract ofOrthosiphon stamineusBenth

Abstract

The present study evaluated the antioxidant activity and potential toxicity of 50% methanolic extract of Orthosiphon stamineus (Lamiaceae) leaves (MEOS) after acute and subchronic administration in rats. Superoxide radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, and ferrous ion chelating methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant properties of the extract. In acute toxicity study, single dose of MEOS, 5000 mg/kg, was administered to rats by oral gavage, and the treated rats were monitored for 14 days. While in the subchronic toxicity study, MEOS was administered orally, at doses of 1250, 2500, and 5000 mg/kg/day for 28 days. From the results, MEOS showed good superoxide radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, ferrous ion chelating, and antilipid peroxidation activities. There was no mortality detected or any signs of toxicity in acute and subchronic toxicity studies. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in bodyweight, relative organ weight, and haematological and biochemical parameters between both male and female treated rats in any doses tested. No abnormality of internal organs was observed between treatment and control groups. The oral lethal dose determined was more than 5000 mg/kg and the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of MEOS for both male and female rats is considered to be 5000 mg/kg per day.

Nephroprotective and antioxidant effect of aqueous leaf extract of Costus Afer Ker gawl on cyclosporin-a (Csa) induced nephrotoxicity

“…Their organs will tend to swell or damage if they were subjected to toxic substances. This will subsequently alter their organ-to body weight ratios as compared to the respective controls [37]). CsA treatment produced a significant decrease in body weight gain and consequently a decrease in the kidney weight of the CsA group as compared with the control group.…”

Phytochemical Screening and Acute Oral Toxicity Study of Java Tea Leaf Extracts

“…The relative organ weight index is used as another basic indicator to assess the deleterious effects of the plant metabolites. The effect of toxic substances on the internal organs could be identified by assessing the relative organ weight as the index gives a preliminary insight to the swelling or damage caused by any harmful agent [ 21 ]. In this study, the relative organ weight of liver, kidneys, stomach, testis, or ovary was determined and none of the treated male and female rats showed significantly different ( p > 0.05) relative organ weight as compared with their respective control groups.…”

HPTLC Analysis of hydro alcoholic extracts of Clerodendrum viscosum V. leaves and Macrotyloma uniflorum L. seeds

“…O. aristatus (Syn. O. stamineus) has been traditionally used as a herbal tea for treating various diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, rheumatism, tonsillitis, menstrual disorders and those affecting the urinary tract (Yam et al, 2013). O. aristatus contains high level of phenolic compounds, which are suggested to be the main factors responsible for the medicinal properties of this plant (Ho et al, 2010).…”

“…Methanolic extract of this plant has been reported to be effective against alcohol-induced gastropathy, CCl 4 -induced liver damage, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects (Yam et al, 2007(Yam et al, , 2008. Yam et al (2013) investigated the antioxidant and toxicity of O.aristatus extract in animal model while the Kidney protective action was reported by Gao et al (2015).…”