Antioxidant Potential of the Bio-Based Fucose-Rich Polysaccharide FucoPol Supports Its Use in Oxidative Stress-Inducing Systems

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are dangerous sources of macromolecular damage. While most derive from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, their production can be triggered by exogenous stresses, surpassing the extinction capacity of intrinsic antioxidant defense systems of cells. Here, we report the antioxidant activity of FucoPol, a fucose-rich polyanionic polysaccharide produced by Enterobacter A47, containing ca. 17 wt% of negatively charged residues in its structure. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays coupled to Hill binding kinetics fitting have shown FucoPol can neutralize ferricyanide and Fe3+-TPTZ species at an EC50 of 896 and 602 µg/mL, respectively, with positive binding cooperativity (2.52 ≤ H ≤ 4.85). This reducing power is greater than most polysaccharides reported. Moreover, an optimal 0.25% w/v FucoPol concentration shown previously to be cryo- and photoprotective was also demonstrated to protect Vero cells against H2O2-induced acute exposure not only by attenuating metabolic viability decay, but also by accentuating post-stress proliferation capacity, whilst preserving cell morphology. These results on antioxidant activity provide evidence for the biopolymer’s ability to prevent positive feedback cascades of the radical-producing Fenton reaction. Ultimately, FucoPol provides a biotechnological alternative for implementation in cryopreservation, food supplementation, and photoprotective sunscreen formula design, as all fields benefit from an antioxidant functionality.

Bacterial Succinoglycans: Structure, Physical Properties, and Applications

“…Due to high content of negatively charged group, FucoPol has been reported to have the effect of reducing oxidation caused by Fe 3+ and successfully neutralizing oxidation caused by H 2 O 2 . It maintained the morphology of Vero cells rapidly exposed to H 2 O 2 , attenuated the decline in viability, and subsequently enhanced their proliferative capacity, as shown in Figure 9 [117]. Riclin dose-dependently inhibited TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.…”

Cryoprotective Polysaccharides with Ordered Gel Structures Induce Ice Growth Anticipation and Survival Enhancement during Cell Cryopreservation

“…A subset of 13 natural polysaccharides from various sources comprising a wide variety of chemical composition and molecular weight, previously probed for their cryoprotective performance, 22 were thoroughly profiled regarding their rheology, thermodynamic influence, and conformation in solution. Briefly, the post-thaw cell viability (PTV) of cryopreserved Vero cells in the presence of each polysaccharide was the biological metric used to report cryoprotective potential and perform structure−function correlations.…”

Fucose as a potential therapeutic molecule against the immune-mediated inflammation in IgA nepharopathy: An unrevealed link

“…Fucose plays a critical role in mucosal immunity through its immunocompetence of anti-infection and anti-inflammation ( 52 ), which is of great significance to prevent the occurrence and progression of IgAN from the pathogenesis. In addition, fucose is also a powerful antioxidant that reduces tissue damage caused by inflammation and protects renal function ( 53 ). The excellent biological activity of fucose may become an effective treatment for IgAN in the future.…”