Apoptosis-associated genes related to photodynamic therapy in breast carcinomas

Abstract

The aim of this study was to find the apoptosis molecular markers involved in the cell death that might be related to photodynamic therapy (PDT) mechanisms in breast cancer. The mammary tumors were induced in 25 Sprague-Dawley female rats by a single, oral gavage of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA; 70 mg/kg body weight). Animals were divided into four groups: G1 (normal, without DMBA), G2 (control, without PDT treatment), G3 (euthanized 48 h after PDT), and G4 (euthanized 24 h after PDT). For PDT experiments, the photosensitizer used was Photodithazine, and 100 J/cm of light at a fluence rate of 100 mW/cm was delivered to treat lesions. A sample of each animal was investigated by quantitative real-time PCR using Rat Apoptosis RT2 Profiler™ PCR Array platform. The results showed 20 genes with differential expression between PDT and control groups. A significant upregulation was observed for pro-apoptotic genes CASP4, CASP12, CIDEA, GADD45A, and FAS and downregulation of anti-apoptotic genes MAPK8IP1, TNFRSF11B, and NAIP2 in PDT-treated tumors. These results indicate that these genes are more directly involved in cell apoptosis induced by PDT.

Rosmarinic acid-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in triple-negative breast cancer cells

“…Thus, the current data adds insight into the potential role of TNF/TNF receptor superfamily in RA-mediated apoptotic effect in human cancer, in agreement with a previous in vivo study, ( Silva et al, 2014 ). In MDA-MB-231 cells, RA induced a significant increase in transcription activation of TNFRSF25 (3.21-fold), while inhibited TNFRSF11B by 4.65-fold.…”

“…Compared to healthy tissues, reduced TNFRSF25 expression is present in the MDA-MB-231 cell line, and this deficit correlates with a poorer prognosis and a significantly shorter survival rate ( Ge et al, 2013 ). On the other hand, the TNFRSF11B expression inhibits the extrinsic apoptotic pathway and enhancing cancer cell survival ( Silva et al, 2014 ). Thus, inhibiting the gene expression in RA-treated MDA-MB-231 cells may be a specific target in TNBC therapy.…”

Modes of Cell Death Induced by Photodynamic Therapy Using Zinc Phthalocyanine in Lung Cancer Cells Grown as a Monolayer and Three-Dimensional Multicellular Spheroids

“…The principal mechanism of PDT induced cell death in both studies was apoptosis. During PDT induced apoptotic cell death, expression of genes and their proteins are altered [ 20 ]. The present study used the SABiosciences Human Apoptosis RT 2 Profiler PCR Array to determine the expression of 84 key genes involved in apoptosis in A549 cells grown as a monolayer and as MCTSs (250 and 500 μm) 24 h post PDT to determine the mechanisms involved in apoptotic cell death.…”

“…Stimuli responsible for triggering apoptosis include; tumour necrosis factor (TNF), DNA damage, ROS, and increased intracellular calcium levels. It is, however, unclear which of these pathways are triggered resulting in apoptotic cell death by PDT [ 20 ]. Studying the differential expression of genes involved in apoptosis could provide a clear understanding of PDT mediated cell death.…”

Upregulation of Apoptosis Pathway Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of HIV-Infected Individuals with Antiretroviral Therapy-Associated Mitochondrial Toxicity

“…Out of the 16 cases, only 3 had detectable viremia: C02 (29,297 copies/ml), C019 (1,508 copies/ml), and C023 (215 copies/ml). To investigate the impact of ART on apoptosis pathway-specific genes, quantitative PCRs were done using the Human Apoptosis RT 2 Profiler PCR Array kit (SuperArray Biosciences) as previously published (28). We identified differentially expressed genes on the basis of false discovery rate (FDR) adjusted P value using empirical Bayes moderated tests.…”