Applicability of an on-site test for its use in post-mortem blood

Arroyo, Amparo; Sánchez, Marta; Palahí, Mariona; Barbal, Maria; Marrón, Ma Teresa; Mora, Agustí

doi:10.1016/j.legalmed.2011.06.002

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The screening is performed with rapid on-site devices based on an immunoenzymatic reaction. Although they are relatively fast and offer high throughput analytical applications, immunoassays are only able to analyze limited common medicinal drugs and drugs of abuse where their antibodies are commercially available [8][9][10]. Another main deficiency of immunoassays is the cross-reactivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid label-free determination of ketamine in whole blood using secondary ion mass spectrometry

Liao

Chen

Shyue

et al. 2015

Talanta

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid label-free determination of ketamine in whole blood using secondary ion mass spectrometry

Liao

Chen

Shyue

et al. 2015

Talanta

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“…However, a recent study found that a screening device for oral fluid was found to work fairly well with blood samples (33).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using biological samples in epidemiological research on drugs of abuse

Gjerde

Øiestad²,

Christophersen³

2011

Nor J Epidemiol

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Blood, oral fluid (saliva), urine and hair are the most commonly used biological matrices for drug testing in epidemiological drug research. Other biological matrices may also be used for selected purposes. Blood reflects recent drug intake and may be used to assess impairment. Oral fluid reflects drug presence in blood and thereby also recent intake, but drug concentrations in this matrix cannot be used to accurately estimate concentrations in blood. Urine reflects drug use during the last few days and in some cases for a longer period, but does not indicate the dose size or frequency of use. Hair reflects drug use during several months, but is a poor matrix for detecting use of cannabis. If using a single drug dose, this can be detected in blood and urine if the sample is taken within the detection timeframes, in most cases also in oral fluid. Single drug use is most often insufficient for producing a positive test result in a sample of hair. For cocaine and amphetamine, weekly use may be needed, while for cannabis a positive result is not guaranteed even after daily use. Refusal rates are lowest for oral fluid and highest for blood and hair samples. The analytical costs are lowest for urine and highest for hair. Combined use of questionnaires/interviews and drug testing detects more drug use than when using only one of those methods and is therefore expected to give more accurate data.

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“…Whenever these analytes are not known in advance or interferents are present, preliminary multi-target screening procedures proved to be necessary before accurate quantification [1]. Screening methods based on immunoassay testing are available only for few classes of drugs [6][7][8]-such as cannabinoids, cocaine, amphetamines, opiates, methadone, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and tricyclic antidepressants-whereas no immunoassays are commercially available for the newest designer drugs [1] and other common substances, including anesthetics, antihistamines, and sedative-hypnotics [4]. Moreover, the use of multiple immunoassays testing requires a considerable amount of blood samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast screening of 88 pharmaceutical drugs and metabolites in whole blood by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

et al. 2012

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Forensic investigations involving acute or lethal intoxication, drug-facilitated sexual assault, driving or workplace impairment frequently require the analysis of fresh or postmortem blood samples to check out a wide variety of pharmaceutical and illicit drugs, even after single-dose consumption. A sensitive and selective ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry UHPLC-MS/MS) screening method was developed for fast screening of 88 psychoactive drugs and metabolites in blood samples, including the ones most frequently involved in acute intoxications and forensic investigations in Italy. The new method allows short sample processing and analysis time (the whole procedure can be accomplished in less than 30 min) together with the simultaneous monitoring of a large number of pharmaceutical substances. These features represent crucial factors in the approach of acute intoxications, when the patient requires urgent and appropriate therapy. Blood sample treatment was limited to protein precipitation. Two UHPLC-MS/MS runs in positive and negative electrospray ionization modes were performed. The data were acquired at unit mass resolution in the selected reaction monitoring mode. According to international guidelines, linearity range, precision, trueness, detection and quantification limits, recovery, selectivity, specificity, carryover, and matrix effect phenomena were determined. Despite the limited sample purification and the inherent decreased chance of eliminating any potential interference, the present multiresidue screening method proved extremely effective and sensitive,allowing the detection of all tested drugs, even those belonging to structurally different classes of substances. Moreover, the developed method is easily susceptible to further expansion to encompass more drugs, either new or those becoming important for criminal investigation. This protocol was also applied to the analysis of authentic blood samples collected from victims of various crimes in routine casework, whose relevance in forensic investigations is presented in five cases.

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Applicability of an on-site test for its use in post-mortem blood

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Rapid label-free determination of ketamine in whole blood using secondary ion mass spectrometry

Rapid label-free determination of ketamine in whole blood using secondary ion mass spectrometry

Using biological samples in epidemiological research on drugs of abuse

Fast screening of 88 pharmaceutical drugs and metabolites in whole blood by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

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