Applicability of an Unmedicated Feeding Program Aimed to Reduce the Use of Antimicrobials in Nursery Piglets: Impact on Performance and Fecal Microbiota

López-Colom, Paola; Estellé, Jordi; Bonet, Jordi; Coma, Julià; Martín‐Orúe, S. M.

doi:10.3390/ani10020242

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In agreement with these findings, faecal and intestinal microbial diversity was also reduced when PW diets were supplemented with pharmacological levels of ZnO, alone or in combination with antibiotics in previous studies 46 – 48 , although sometimes it was unaffected 35 , 49 , 50 . Conversely, it has also been reported that high doses of ZnO can even increase α-diversity index values 51 , 52 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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Intestinal microbiota modulation and improved growth in pigs with post-weaning antibiotic and ZnO supplementation but only subtle microbiota effects with Bacillus altitudinis

Crespo-Piazuelo

Lawlor

Ranjitkar

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The objective was to evaluate the effect of dietary Bacillus altitudinis spore supplementation during day (D)0–28 post-weaning (PW) and/or D29–56 PW compared with antibiotic and zinc oxide (AB + ZnO) supplementation on pig growth and gut microbiota. Eighty piglets were selected at weaning and randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments: (1) negative control (Con/Con); (2) probiotic spores from D29–56 PW (Con/Pro); (3) probiotic spores from D0–28 PW (Pro/Con); (4) probiotic spores from D0–56 PW (Pro/Pro) and (5) AB + ZnO from D0–28 PW. Overall, compared with the AB + ZnO group, the Pro/Con group had lower body weight, average daily gain and feed intake and the Pro/Pro group tended to have lower daily gain and feed intake. However, none of these parameters differed between any of the probiotic-treated groups and the Con/Con group. Overall, AB + ZnO-supplemented pigs had higher Bacteroidaceae and Prevotellaceae and lower Lactobacillaceae and Spirochaetaceae abundance compared to the Con/Con group, which may help to explain improvements in growth between D15–28 PW. The butyrate-producing genera Agathobacter, Faecalibacterium and Roseburia were more abundant in the Pro/Con group compared with the Con/Con group on D35 PW. Thus, whilst supplementation with B. altitudinis did not enhance pig growth performance, it did have a subtle, albeit potentially beneficial, impact on the intestinal microbiota.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Lactobacillus spp. were also reduced in rectal samples in another study when ZnO was administered PW 50 , but conversely, a study by López-Colom et al 49 reported an increase in Lactobacillus spp. relative abundance in the faeces when ZnO was administered in combination with antibiotics for 9 days PW.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Intestinal microbiota modulation and improved growth in pigs with post-weaning antibiotic and ZnO supplementation but only subtle microbiota effects with Bacillus altitudinis

Crespo-Piazuelo

Lawlor

Ranjitkar

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…The mRNA expression levels of HSP27 in the livers were remarkably decreased in pigs fed P-Zn, ZnArg1, ZnArg2, and ZnArg3 diets compared with the Con treatment. The positive correlation between HSP expression and stress was previously reported in other studies [2,4,13]. The low gene expression of HSP27 in the liver and a tendency for lower blood cortisol in the ZnArg2 and ZnArg3 treatments may indicate a lower stress level compared with the Con treatment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The health condition of piglets is highly unstable at weaning because of the stress of changing feed form, separation from the mother sow, and changes in the physical environment [1][2][3]. These stressors may cause dysbiosis due to sudden microbial changes in the intestine [1,4]. Postweaning intestinal microbiota dysbiosis is associated with some unstable situations including enteric infectious pathogens growth, leaky gut, and incomplete intestinal integrity [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These stressors may cause dysbiosis due to sudden microbial changes in the intestine [1,4]. Postweaning intestinal microbiota dysbiosis is associated with some unstable situations including enteric infectious pathogens growth, leaky gut, and incomplete intestinal integrity [4]. Besides, in hot seasons, weanling pigs are under the negative influence of high temperatures, which may enhance the adverse effects of weaning stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Zinc Oxide and Arginine on the Intestinal Microbiota and Immune Status of Weaned Pigs Subjected to High Ambient Temperature

Yoon

Jin

Cho

et al. 2020

Animals

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This study aimed to investigate the effect of the l-arginine (Arg) inclusion and different doses of ZnO on the growth performance, intestinal microbiota and integrity, and immune status of weaned pigs. A total of 180 pigs (28-day-old) were randomly allotted to six treatments with six replicate pens in each treatment and five pigs per pen. The dietary treatments were Con (1.1% Arg); P-Zn (1.1% Arg + 2500 mg Zn as ZnO/kg diet); ARG (1.6% Arg); ZnArg1 (500 mg of Zn as ZnO/kg diet + 1.6% Arg); ZnArg2 (1000 mg of Zn as ZnO/kg diet + 1.6% Arg); ZnArg3 (2500 mg of Zn as ZnO/kg diet + 1.6% Arg). The overall result showed that the inclusion of ZnArg3 significantly improved the average daily gain of pigs compared with the Con treatment. There was a reduction in feed intake in pigs fed the Con diet compared with pigs fed the ZnArg3 diet at phase 1 and overall. At phase 1, pigs fed the ZnArg3 diet and P-Zn diet showed a decreased population of Clostridium spp. in the ileum compared with those of the Con treatment. In addition, a lower ileal Clostridium spp. population was detected in pigs fed the ZnArg2 diet compared with pigs fed the Con diet. The pigs fed ZnArg1 and ZnArg3 diets showed a greater villus height of duodenum compared with the Con and P-Zn treatments. The pigs in the Con treatment showed increased mRNA expression of heat shock protein-27 in the liver compared with the P-Zn, ZnArg1, ZnArg2, and ZnArg3 treatments. When fed the basal diet, mRNA expressions of interleukin-6 were increased in the muscle compared with the ZnArg3 treatment. Dietary supplementation with ZnArg2 decreased the mRNA expressions of interferon-γ in the muscle compared with the Con treatment. Supplementation with P-Zn, ZnArg1, ZnArg2, and ZnArg3 decreased mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) compared with the Con treatment. The mRNA gene expressions of interleukin-4 were decreased in the jejunum of pigs fed P-Zn, ARG, ZnArg1, ZnArg2, and ZnArg3 diets compared with pigs fed the Con diet. The jejunum gene expression of toll-like receptor-4 was upregulated in the Con and ARG treatments compared with the ZnArg1 and ZnArg3. The ZnArg1, ZnArg2, and ZnArg3 treatments showed lower mRNA expression of TNF-α compared with the Con treatment. In conclusion, there was no difference in growth performance, intestinal microbiota, gene expression of interleukins between ZnArg1 and ZnArg3 treatments. Therefore, the low level of ZnO (500 mg/kg) plus 1.6% dietary Arg may be recommended for pigs during the weaning stress.

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Productivity of sows and growth of sucked piglets during one-phase and two-phase feeding them

Povoznikov¹,

Povod²,

Gutyj³

et al. 2022

SMLNUVMBA

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The article studied the reproductive qualities of sows and the growth of piglets under one-phase and two-phase feeding of suckling piglets. This study aimed to determine the dependence of the intensity of growth and survival of suckling piglets and feed consumption for feeding them using super-pre-starter feed during two-phase feeding of hybrid suckling piglets of Irish origin. In the conditions of the industrial complex, a comparison was made of the use of pre-starter feed traditional for the farm when it was fed to piglets from the seventh to the twenty-first day of life and the super-pre-starter, which was fed from the second to the fourteenth day, with subsequent transfer to the feed traditional for farms with pre-starter fodder. The advantages of the nests of piglets, which were used in the post-sucking period, were two-phase feeding from the second to the fourteenth day with super-pre-starter feed with a gradual transfer from the fourteenth to the eighteenth day of life to feeding with the pre-starter combined feed traditional for the farm and its subsequent use before weaning over analogs with single-phase feeding, which from the seventh to the on the twenty-first day, the traditional pre-starter feed was fed according to the survival of piglets before weaning by 5.7 % and as a result, their number at the time of weaning was 10.3 % greater and with practically the same individual weight of the weaned piglets, by 9.1 % the weight of their litter during this period, in comparison with their analogs, which used single-phase feeding from the seventh to the twenty-first day with traditional pre-starter feed. There was no significant difference in the individual weight of piglets at weaning and the average daily growth of piglets in the weaning period. It has been proven that during two-phase feeding, piglets ate 46.6 kg less of the entire range of feed for suckling piglets, which was 34.5 % less per litter and 49.5 % less per head. The comprehensive index of reproductive qualities of sows was better by 2.3 points or 5.4 % in sows whose nests of piglets were fed in two phases compared to animals whose offspring were fed in one phase.

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Applicability of an Unmedicated Feeding Program Aimed to Reduce the Use of Antimicrobials in Nursery Piglets: Impact on Performance and Fecal Microbiota

Cited by 3 publications

References 60 publications

Intestinal microbiota modulation and improved growth in pigs with post-weaning antibiotic and ZnO supplementation but only subtle microbiota effects with Bacillus altitudinis

Intestinal microbiota modulation and improved growth in pigs with post-weaning antibiotic and ZnO supplementation but only subtle microbiota effects with Bacillus altitudinis

Effects of Zinc Oxide and Arginine on the Intestinal Microbiota and Immune Status of Weaned Pigs Subjected to High Ambient Temperature

Productivity of sows and growth of sucked piglets during one-phase and two-phase feeding them

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