Application of 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan for the analysis of propafenone and diltiazem hydrochlorides using kinetic spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods

Abstract

KEYWORDSSeveral simple, sensitive, accurate and inexpensive spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods were developed for the determination of propafenone HCl and diltiazem HCl using 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-Cl) accompanied with kinetic study, either in pure form or in pharmaceutical preparations. In this work, the cited drugs react with (NBD-Cl) in presence of borate buffer of pH = 7.6 at a fixed time of 30 minutes on thermostated water bath at (75-80 °C). The absorbance was measured using spectrophotometric technique at 489 and 481 nm for propafenone HCl and diltiazem HCl, respectively, or by using spectrofluorimetric technique after dilution at the specific wavelength of excitation and emission.The calibration curves were linear in the range of 4-44, 16-96 µg/mL when using spectrophotometric method, and 0.4-3.6, 1.6-8.8 µg/mL when spectrofluorimetric method was applied for propafenone HCl and diltiazem HCl, respectively. The limit of quantitation and the limit of detection were also calculated. The methods were applied successfully to commercial dosage form and can be further applied for their determination on a large scale in quality control laboratories. The obtained results statistically agreed with those obtained by reference methods. The determination of the studied drugs by the fixed concentration and rate constant methods is feasible with the calibration equations obtained, but the fixed time method proves to be more applicable.Diltiazem HCl Propafenone HCl Spectroflourimetric Spectrophotometric Kinetic determination 4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan

Sensitive Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Diphenhydramine in Real Samples

“…Some of the reported methods have limitations such as time-consuming procedures, interference from substances and/or relatively high cost of instrumentation. Kinetic spectrophotometry methods have comparable levels of accuracy and sensitivity to the methods above mentioned and have been used in the quantification of different pharmaceutical analytes in different matrices [39][40][41][42][43]. In these methods, the absorbance variation in the time is measured under nonequilibrium conditions.…”

Preliminary studies for ciclopirox olamine determination by thermal lens spectrophotometry

“…Conventionally, it is a measure of the change in concentration of the chemical species as function of time by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry [12][13][14]. This fact opens a research challenge in the analytical chemistry that addresses the development of simple, inexpensive and accurate methods with a performance as good as sophisticated methods.…”

Application of π receptors to the spectrophotometric determination of naftidrofuryl oxalate in pure form and its pharmaceutical preparation

“…Few analytical methods have been reported for the determination of NAF in biological fluids and/or pharmaceutical preparations. Most of these studies focused on HPLC-UV detection [3][4][5], HPLC-fluorescence detection [6,7] and phosphorimetric analysis [8,9] Others included potentiometric methods using NAF ion-selective electrodes [10,11] flow injection analysis with fluorescence opti-sensor [12], spectrophotometric, spectrofluorimetric and voltammetric analyses in tablets [13], a spectrophotometric method using complexation reactions [14] and kinetic spectrophotometric method using alkaline potassium permanganate were described [15]. Also stability indicating methods were reported for the determination of the drug [16,17].…”