Application of Ionic Liquid-Based Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from Bamboo Leaves

Wang, Liling; Bai, Minge; Qin, Yuchuan; Liu, Bentong; Wang, Yanbin; Zhou, Yunshan

doi:10.3390/molecules23092309

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Flavonoid-rich foods and flavonoid supplements have been found to modulate immune function by inducing cytoprotective effects 1 , restoring lymphocyte proliferation 2 , and preventing cells apoptosis in mammals 3 . The flavonoid extracted from bamboo leaves (so-called bamboo leaf flavone, BLF), mainly including orientin, homoorientin, vitexin, and isovitexin 4 , have been confirmed to have multiple biological activities, such as scavenging oxygen radicals 5 , enhancing immunity 6 , and possessing anticancer 7 , antibacterial 8 , antiviral 9 , and antioxidant functions 10 . So, it has been widely used as drug substances, anti-aging products, cosmetics, and feed stuffs in human.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bamboo leaf flavone changed the community of cecum microbiota and improved the immune function in broilers

Shu

Kong

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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It has been shown that bamboo leaf flavone (BLF) displays biological and pharmacological activities in mammals. However, the effects of BLF on broiler gut microbiota and related immune function have not been investigated. The aim of this study was to test our hypothesis that BLF can improve the health status of broilers by modulating the gut microbiota. A total of 300 one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were used to characterize their gut microbiota and immune status after feeding diet supplemented with BLF. The V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene from cecal bacteria was sequenced via the Illumina MiSeq platform. The Immune status and related parameters were assessed, including the immune organ index (the spleen, thymus, and bursa), serum concentrations of IL-2 and INF-γ, and spleen IL-2 and INF-γ gene expressions. The results showed the BLF diet had an Immune enhancement effect on broilers. In addition, BFL caused the changes of the gut microbial community structure, resulting in greater proportions of bacterial taxa belonging to Lactobacillus, Clostridiales, Ruminococcus, and Lachnospiraceae. These bacteria have been used as probiotics for producing short chain fatty acids in hosts. These results indicate that BLF supplement improves immune function in chicken via modulation of the gut microbiota. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that ubiquitously present in plants. Flavonoid-rich foods and flavonoid supplements have been found to modulate immune function by inducing cytoprotective effects 1 , restoring lymphocyte proliferation 2 , and preventing cells apoptosis in mammals 3. The flavonoid extracted from bamboo leaves (so-called bamboo leaf flavone, BLF), mainly including orientin, homoorientin, vitexin, and isovitexin 4 , have been confirmed to have multiple biological activities, such as scavenging oxygen radicals 5 , enhancing immunity 6 , and possessing anticancer 7 , antibacterial 8 , antiviral 9 , and antioxidant functions 10. So, it has been widely used as drug substances, anti-aging products, cosmetics, and feed stuffs in human. However, its uses and roles in livestock production are limited 11. The ban and restrictions on the use of antibiotics in livestock production have directed researches to investigate natural or organic alternatives to antibiotics in plants (e.g. BLF) with the potential roles to promote growth and health as well as production performance such as meat, milk, egg production 11. The microbiota communities in the gut play significant roles in promoting health status and productivity in chickens 12 by modulating their immune system, inhibiting pathogenic colonization, and promoting detoxification and digestion 13. Recent studies have reported that gut microbiota involve in transforming flavonoid into phenolic acids, which can be easily absorbed in mice 14. Huang et al. 15 reported that flavonoids extracted from plants including quercetin, catechin, and puerarin had impact on the relative viability of the gut microbiota, which implies that dietary flavonoids supplements...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bamboo leaf flavone changed the community of cecum microbiota and improved the immune function in broilers

Shu

Kong

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…According to Wang et al [46] with slight adjustments, the samples (15.0 g) were extracted with 180 mL of 95% ethanol for 120 min in a heat-reflux apparatus (Kelon Glassware Factory, Chengdu, China). After extraction, the extracts were filtered, concentrated (4000 rpm, 5 °C), dried under vacuum, and stored at 4 °C until use.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquid–Ultrasound-Based Extraction of Biflavonoids from Selaginella helvetica and Investigation of Their Antioxidant Activity

Jiang

et al. 2018

Molecules

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As a new and green solvent, ionic liquids (ILs) have received more attention during the green extraction and separation process for natural medicines. In this paper, IL-ultrasound-assisted extraction (IL-UAE) of total biflavonoids (TBFs) from Selaginella helvetica was firstly developed, and different ILs were employed and compared. Based on single-factor experiment, solid–liquid ratio (1:10–1:14 g/mL), IL concentration (0.6–1.0 mmol/mL), and extract temperature (40–60 °C) were further explored, according to response surface methodology (RSM), with TBF yields as the index. Moreover, antioxidant activity of TBF extract was analyzed by four methods, i.e., 2,2-di(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzth-iazoline-6-sulphonate (ABTS) free radical scavenging assay, ferric ion reducing power assay, and chelation of ferrous ions assay. The results indicated that [C6mim]PF6 had a high selectivity and efficiency. Moreover, important parameters for the extraction process were investigated and optimized. Through parameter optimization (0.8 mmol/L, 250 W, 40 min, 1:12.7 g/mL, and 47 °C), a yield of 18.69 mg/g biflavonoids was obtained from the extract of S. helvetica. Compared with ethanol-UAE, heat-reflux extraction, Soxhlet extraction, and percolation extraction, IL-UAE could not only obtain higher yield in a shorter time, but also reduce the solvent consumption. In addition, TBF extract showed potential antioxidant activity based on the above four antioxidant methods. In short, IL-UAE was first employed to develop a novel and green extraction method for TBF content, and this experiment provides valuable references for further utilization of S. helvetica.

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“…Different ultrasonic power leads to different extraction rate. Wang [40] chose 300 W as the best ultrasonic power. A strong mechanical effect (such as shear) was produced by ultrasound, causing Therefore, [HMIM] Br/methanol was selected as the best extraction solvent.…”

Section: Selection Of Ultrasonic Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquid-Based Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction Coupled with HPLC and Artificial Neural Network Analysis for Ganoderma lucidum

Cui

Lü

et al. 2020

Molecules

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Ganoderma lucidum is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Ganoderic acid A and D are the main bioactive components with anticancer effects in G. lucidum. To obtain the maximum content of two compounds from G. lucidum, a novel extraction method, an ionic liquid-based ultrasonic-assisted method (ILUAE) was established. Ionic liquids (ILs) of different types and parameters, including the concentration of ILs, ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, rotational speed, solid–liquid ratio, were optimized by the orthogonal experiment and variance analysis. Under these optimal conditions, the total extraction yield of the two compounds in G. lucidum was 3.31 mg/g, which is 36.21% higher than that of the traditional solvent extraction method. Subsequently, an artificial neural network (ANN) was developed to model the performance of the total extraction yield. The Levenberg–Marquardt back propagation algorithm with the sigmoid transfer function (logsig) at the hidden layer and a linear transfer function (purelin) at the output layer were used. Results showed that single hidden layer with 9 neurons presented the best values for the mean squared error (MSE) and the correlation coefficient (R), with respectively corresponding values of 0.09622 and 0.93332.

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Application of Ionic Liquid-Based Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from Bamboo Leaves

Cited by 36 publications

References 36 publications

Bamboo leaf flavone changed the community of cecum microbiota and improved the immune function in broilers

Bamboo leaf flavone changed the community of cecum microbiota and improved the immune function in broilers

Ionic Liquid–Ultrasound-Based Extraction of Biflavonoids from Selaginella helvetica and Investigation of Their Antioxidant Activity

Ionic Liquid-Based Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction Coupled with HPLC and Artificial Neural Network Analysis for Ganoderma lucidum

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