Application of liquisolid technology for promoting the renoprotective efficacy of walnut extracts in chronic renal failure rat model

Abstract

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is among the major health problems that could lead to increased morbidity and mortality among population. 'Nutraceuticals' is an emerging field for natural agents from plant foods that could reduce the progression of such disease. Many newly developed drugs are having bioavailability problems owing to their water insolubility. Liquisolid technique is one of the promising technological approaches to increase solubility and hence, drug absorption. The aim of the present research is to prepare and evaluate the renoprotective effect of the walnut extracts liquisolid formulations in CRF rat model. Saturation solubility study claimed PEG 400 and Tween 20 as good solubilizers for walnut extracts, thus chosen for preparation. The angle of slide was determined for the carrier; microcrystalline cellulose and coating material; silicon dioxide and liquid load factor was evaluated. Eight liquisolid systems were prepared employing 25% and 50% of liquid medication. Their flow and compressibility parameters showed good properties. Dissolution study was more in favor of formulations prepared using PEG 400. Of these, formulation F8 comprising carrier/coat ratio (10:1) and 50% liquid medication, showing superior dissolution properties was selected to perform stability and in-vivo evaluations. Two CRF induced rat groups received F8 at two oral doses (50 and 100 mg/kg). Biochemical and nutritional parameters were compared with both normal and CRF control rats. Results showed improvement of renal function, oxidative stress, antioxidant and inflammatory biomarkers as well as increased appetite and body weight gain on administration of both doses of walnut liquisolid formulation, F8.

Effect of L-carnitine on potassium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

“…Nephrotoxicity may originate as an adverse reaction against non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, some antibiotics, antineoplastic agents, or xenobiotics ( 3 4 5 ). Therefore, It is of high importance to keep the kidney healthy for all people affected by kidney diseases ( 6 ), besides, it has been very crucial to scout for new nephroprotective agents to improve renal function, renal tissue healing, and regeneration ( 7 ).…”

Preparation and evaluation of a functional effervescent powder based on inclusion complexes of orange oil and β-cyclodextrin derivatives

“…The owability of the effervescent powder is mainly evaluated by different parameters such as bulk density, tapped density, Carr's compressibility index, Hausner ratio and angle of repose [50,51].The bulk density and tapped density of the prepared orange avoured effervescent powder were 0.29 ± 0.01 and 0.35 ± 0.01 g/mL, respectively. It has been reported that a powder with Carr's compressibility index and Hausner ratio lower than 20% and 1.25, respectively is considered to be free owable [52].…”