Application of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to the study of<i>Cryptococcus</i>and cryptococcosis

Sorrell, Tania C.; Wright, Lesley C.; Malík, Richard; Himmelreich, Uwe

doi:10.1111/j.1567-1364.2006.00079.x

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In spite of the importance of fungal metabolites, thorough assessment of their diverse metabolic landscape using metabolomic approaches is still in its infancy and has not been fully exploited. Global metabolite analysis for drug discovery, mycotoxin characterization and taxonomy of industrially and medically important yeast, yeast-like fungi and selected filamentous fungi is limited to few studies in which a variety of analytical platforms such as electrospray MS (Smedsgaard and Nielsen 2004), 1 H NMR (Forgue et al 2006;Sorrell et al 2006), GC-MS (Mas et al 2007) or GCxGC-TOF MS (Mohler et al 2007) were applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1H NMR and GC-MS metabolic fingerprinting of developmental stages of Rhizoctonia solani sclerotia

Jabaji

2009

Metabolomics

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Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 is a soilborne plant pathogen that forms resting vegetative structures called sclerotia. These compact structures are crucial to the pathogen's survival and pathogenesis. The metabolic changes occurring during sclerotia development were monitored using proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The validation, discrimination, and the establishment of correlative relationships between metabolite signals were performed by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The results of the analyses suggested that out of the 116 compounds that were simultaneously analyzed and compared using GC-MS, a-a-trehalose, D-glucose, 9-(Z)-octadecenoic and 9,12-octadecadienoic acids, xylitol, and glucitol were key metabolites that were highly dependent on the developmental stage of the sclerotia contributing to their discrimination and classification. Furthermore, the application of 1 H NMR and GC-MS metabolic fingerprinting on the same biological sample provided complementary information illustrating the value of this integrated approach in the study of metabolic changes in fungal structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1H NMR and GC-MS metabolic fingerprinting of developmental stages of Rhizoctonia solani sclerotia

Jabaji

2009

Metabolomics

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“…In support of this, GPI anchored proteins are thought to be involved in signal transduction in mammalian cells (Stulnig et al, 1997). CnPlb1 could also regulate lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) levels which, in mammalian cells, are associated with regulation of PKC (Holmstrom et al, 2010).…”

Section: Role Of Plb1 In Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CaPlb1 was identified immunologically in host tissue (Ghannoum, 2000; Mukherjee et al, 2001) and the GPC product of CnPlb1 is present in lung and brain cryptococcomas produced in a rat model (Himmelreich et al, 2003; Sorrell et al, 2006). Furthermore, antibodies to CaPlb1 and CnPlb1 have been identified in the serum of infected patients (Ghannoum, 2000; Santangelo et al, 2005).…”

Section: Evidence For Production Of Fungal Plb In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Phospholipases in Fungal Fitness, Pathogenicity, and Drug Development – Lessons from Cryptococcus Neoformans

Djordjevic¹

2010

Front. Microbio.

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Many pathogenic microbes, including many fungi, produce phospholipases which facilitate survival of the pathogen in vivo, invasion and dissemination throughout the host, expression of virulence traits and evasion of host immune defense mechanisms. These phospholipases are either secreted or produced intracellularly and act by physically disrupting host membranes, and/or by affecting fungal cell signaling and production of immunomodulatory effectors. Many of the secreted phospholipases acquire a glycosylphosphatidylinositol sorting motif to facilitate membrane and/or cell wall association and secretion. This review focuses primarily on the role of two members of the phospholipase enzyme family, phospholipase B (Plb) and phosphatidylinositol (PI)-specific phospholipase C (PI-C/Plc), in fungal pathogenesis and in particular, what has been learnt about their function from studies performed in the model pathogenic yeast, Cryptococcus neoformans. These studies have revealed how Plb has adapted to become an important part of the virulence repertoire of pathogenic fungi and how its secretion is regulated. They have also provided valuable insight into how the intracellular enzyme, Plc1, contributes to fungal fitness and pathogenicity – via a putative role in signal transduction pathways that regulate the production of stress-protecting pigments, polysaccharide capsule, cell wall integrity, and adaptation to growth at host temperature. Finally, this review will address the role fungal phospholipases have played in the development of a new class of antifungal drugs, which mimic their phospholipid substrates.

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“…4 The sequential steps in the evaluation of bioactive compounds as crop protection agents. Steps for which metabolomics approaches have been extensively used are marked with an asterisk (*) Demyttenaere et al 2003;Smedsgaard and Nielsen 2005;Forgue et al 2006;Sorrell et al 2006;Börner et al 2007;Mas et al 2007;Mohler et al 2007; Aliferis and Jabaji 2010), the application of metabolomics approaches in the discovery of the MOA of antifungal and antibiotic compounds is still in its infancy.…”

Section: Antifungal and Antibiotic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics in pesticide research and development: review and future perspectives

Aliferis

Chrysayi-Tokousbalides

2010

Metabolomics

114

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The emerge of metabolomics within functional genomics has provided a new dimension in the study of biological systems. In regards to the study of agroecosystems, metabolomics enables monitoring of metabolic changes in association with biotic or abiotic agents such as agrochemicals. Focusing on crop protection chemicals, a great effort has been given towards the development of crop protection agents safer for consumers and the environment and more efficient than the existing ones. Within this framework, metabolomics has so far been a valuable tool for high-throughput screening of bioactive substances in order to discover those with high selectivity, unique modes-of-action, and acceptable eco-toxicological/toxicological profiles. Here, applications of metabolomics in the investigation of the modes-of-action and ecotoxicological-toxicological risk assessment of bioactive compounds, mining of biological systems for the discovery of bioactive metabolites, and the risk assessment of genetic modified crops are discussed.

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Application of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to the study ofCryptococcusand cryptococcosis

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

1H NMR and GC-MS metabolic fingerprinting of developmental stages of Rhizoctonia solani sclerotia

1H NMR and GC-MS metabolic fingerprinting of developmental stages of Rhizoctonia solani sclerotia

Role of Phospholipases in Fungal Fitness, Pathogenicity, and Drug Development – Lessons from Cryptococcus Neoformans

Metabolomics in pesticide research and development: review and future perspectives

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