Application of “smart” multifunctional nanoprobes in tumor diagnosis and treatment

Abstract

Illustration of the preparations, applications and mechanisms of two kinds of “smart” multifunctional nanoprobes: “Off–On” nanoprobes and “Charge-Reversal” nanoprobes.

Application of cell membrane-functionalized biomimetic nanoparticles in the treatment of glioma

“…140,141 Cell membranes have been extracted from corresponding parent cells and inherited these major functional molecule. 142 Inspired by this, common nanoparticles have been coated with various cell membranes for tumor therapy. In particular, the biomimetic nanoparticles utilized in glioma therapy have attracted a lot of attention.…”

Shield-activated two-way imaging nanomaterials for enhanced cancer theranostics

“…The synthesis of stimuli-responsive nanomaterials is also complex and costly. 14 In order to achieve the "off-on" effect, it is often necessary to introduce additional components into the nanomaterials to shield the imaging function of contrast agents, such as fluorescence imaging (FI) quenchers. 15,16 In addition, the complex structures are accompanied by more ambiguous mechanisms of action.…”

Deformable Smart DNA Nanomachine for Synergistic Intracellular Cancer‐Related miRNAs Imaging and Chemo‐Gene Therapy of Drug‐Resistant Tumors

“…Cancer is one of the most serious diseases threatening human life across the world, especially because it is difficult to diagnose and cure, and recurs easily. [ 1–3 ] So far, chemotherapy is still the main tool to eliminate malignant cells. [ 4 ] However, drug resistance in cancer cells is one of the leading causes of cancer treatment failure, [ 5 ] which may lead to rapid cancer recurrence/disease progression and ultimately patient death, and is one of the most challenging problems in cancer treatment.…”

“…Cancer is one of the most serious diseases threatening human life across the world, especially because it is difficult to diagnose and cure, and recurs easily. [1][2][3] So far, chemotherapy is To enhance drug enrichment in tumors, the main strategy is efficient drug delivery based on tumor targeted. [18,19] Much effort has been devoted to the development of various co-delivery carriers based on safe nonviral vectors, such as liposomes, [20] polymers, [21] dendrimers, [22] and inorganic nanoparticles, [23] to load drugs for targeted drug delivery, enhance drug enrichment and carry out multimodal therapy under the guidance of imaging to improve efficacy.…”