Application of soot discharged from the combustion of marine gas oil as an anode material for lithium ion batteries

Abstract

Many studies have recently investigated the characteristics of combustion products emitted from ships and onshore plant facilities for use as energy sources.

Carbon Nanomaterials Derived from Black Carbon Soot: A Review of Materials and Applications

“…Gunture et al extracted ONC from DS, which exhibited spherical geometry and looked like an onion-like structure, as shown in Figure H . Additionally, the BC emitted from merchant and aircraft engines showed multilayered spherical particles in a continuous network with approximate sizes in the range of 30–40 nm (Figure I), as studied by Baek et al Choi et al reported the isolation of BC from diesel-powered merchant ships and used it as an anodic material for LIBs based on its conducting nature. The TEM image of soot shows a spherical morphology, and particles were aggregated into chain structures .…”

“…The LIB rate performance was investigated via CV analysis, and it was observed that the response of this CV curve is identical with that recommended for capacitive chargestorage behavior, as shown in Figure 13B at scan rates of 0.2− 1.0 mV s −1 . 52 A new form of soot collected from coal tar is also categorized as a pollutant soot source. This is also used as a carbon source for nanocarbon fabrication because it has an interconnected porous structure and rich oxygen-containing functional groups.…”

“…(I) Ship engine soot. Reproduced with permission from ref . Copyright 2020 Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

“…Also they are capable of causing serious health issues such as inhalation, 46 skin and eye irritation, 47 food intolerance, etc., which could result in major health problems such as asthma, bronchitis, cancer, heart attack, respiratory issues, stroke, and premature death. 18,48 For outdoor BC, the major contributors are generated from the fuel burning in diesel/petrol engine, 49 aviation, 12,13,50 merchant ships, 51 marine ships, 52 coal tar engine soot (CTS), 53 etc. Diesel engines 10 emit diesel particulate matter, which mainly consists of carbonaceous soot and other compounds like ash.…”

“…In general, on the basis of the place of generation of BC, these were divided into indoor and outdoor BC. − Indoor BC is mainly associated with the burning of residential indoor sources, , like cooking on wood and dung stoves, buring of kerosene , , candles, , oil lamps, and wood wool, , that significantly deteriorated the indoor air quality. Also they are capable of causing serious health issues such as inhalation, skin and eye irritation, food intolerance, etc., which could result in major health problems such as asthma, bronchitis, cancer, heart attack, respiratory issues, stroke, and premature death. , For outdoor BC, the major contributors are generated from the fuel burning in diesel/petrol engine, aviation, ,, merchant ships, marine ships, coal tar engine soot (CTS), etc. Diesel engines emit diesel particulate matter, which mainly consists of carbonaceous soot and other compounds like ash. , Despite the enormous efforts that are under consideration to reduce the emission from indoor and outdoor BC, they are still present in high density .…”