Application of Waste Glass Powder as a Partial Cement Substitute towards more Sustainable Concrete Production

Abstract

Use of waste materials in concrete is now a global trend for efficient waste management so as to achieve a sustainable green environment and with the added advantages of preserving the natural resources as well as producing a better performing concrete. This study examined the properties of concrete containing ground waste glass powder (GP) as partial replacement for cement. The waste glass was finely grounded into powder and the morphology imagery of the powder materials was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the chemical composition of the glass powdered material was determined using X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Laboratory tests were carried out to determine the strength activity index, workability, split tensile and compressive strength properties of the concrete with 0%, 15%, 18%, 21%, 24%, 27% and 30% partial replacement of cement with the ground waste glass powder. The results showed that the oxides composition of the glass powder meets the requirements for pozzolanic material, while the SEM morphology shows materials of amorphous flaky solid masses, and based on the 28-day strength activity index, concrete containing 21% cement replacement shows a higher strength index above therecommended 75%. It was also observed that workability of the concrete reduced with increase in percentage glass content while significant improvement of the compressive strength of the concrete was achieved at 21% cement replacement, after which a decrease in strength with increasing percentage glass content was observed. The revealed results were confirmed by the microstructural examination using SEM showing a denser concrete at 21% cement replacement but increase porosityas the glass content increases. However, a decrease in split tensile strength was observed with increasing glass content. The results clearly showed that it is possible to produce moderate strength sustainable concrete for structural application using 20% glass powder as cement replacement.

Utilization of waste glass in the improvement of concrete performance: A mini review

“…In addition, Gahoi and Kansal (2016) concluded that the percentage of water absorption decreases compared to the reference concrete for both classes of concrete M20 and M30. Olofinnade et al (2017) found that an increase in porosity can be observed at an increase of glass powder content. Du and Tan (2014) studied the properties of concrete with the partial replacement of cement by glass powder.…”

“…Rahman and Uddin (2018) concluded that 30% of cement replacement achieves maximum tensile strength by splitting compared to the control concrete at 28 days. Olofinnade et al (2017) showed that it is possible to produce medium-strength durable concrete for structural applications using 20% glass powder as a cement replacement. The study conducted by Aliabdo et al (2016) shows the effect of the use of glass powder in concrete as a replacement and addition to cement.…”

“…The essential characteristic of hardened concrete is the compressive strength at a given age. Olofinnade et al (2017) reported that the concrete containing powdered glass has shown a considerable improvement in the development of compressive strength at 28 days compared to the control concrete because of the pozzolanic activity of glass powder. Vandhiyan et al (2013) concluded that the compressive strength of concrete increases up to 10% of cement replacement.…”

Tackling the issues of self‐compacting concrete containing high volume of waste glass aggregate by zeolite

“…The main processes in manufacturing of glass are batch preparation, melting, refining, forming, and post forming, which are highly energy consuming and pollutant 5 . For example, silica must be melted at high temperature (1,500°C) for 72 hr to manufacture plate glass.…”

Performance of Concrete Modified With Discarded Glass at Elevated Temperatures for Sustainable Construction

“…Studies have also shown that discarded glass in finely ground form can be deployed as a pozzolan to partially substitute cement or as filler material in concrete and mortar (Jani andHogland 2014, Olofinnade et al 2017b). However, reports by Taha and Nounu (2008) and Olofinnade et al (2017aOlofinnade et al ( , 2018 mentioned that factors limiting the use of discarded glass in cement-based concrete and mortar are a reduction in strength and cracking caused by alkali-silica reaction (ASR). Furthermore, concrete structures are exposed to increased temperature conditions, therefore heat or fire resistance properties of concrete structures are always considered at the design stages.…”