Application Potential of Bacterial Volatile Organic Compounds in the Control of Root-Knot Nematodes

Abstract

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) constitute the most damaging group of plant pathogens. Plant infections by root-knot nematodes (RKNs) alone could cause approximately 5% of global crop loss. Conventionally, chemical-based methods are used to control PPNs at the expense of the environment and human health. Accordingly, the development of eco-friendly and safer methods has been urged to supplement or replace chemical-based methods for the control of RKNs. Using microorganisms or their metabolites as biological control agents (BCAs) is a promising approach to controlling RKNs. Among the metabolites, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have gained increasing attention because of their potential in the control of not only RKNs but also other plant pathogens, such as insects, fungi, and bacteria. This review discusses the biology of RKNs as well as the status of various control strategies. The discovery of VOCs emitted by bacteria from various environmental sources and their application potential as BCAs in controlling RKNs are specifically addressed.

A Pilot Study for Legionella pneumophila Volatilome Characterization Using a Gas Sensor Array and GC/MS Techniques

“…Three compounds are present only in the headspace of L. pneumophila : pentanol, methyl isovalerate and 2,7-dimethyl-4,5-octanediol. Methyl isovalerate is a short chain fatty acid produced by other kinds of bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans , Bacillus atrophaeus GBSC56 [ 36 , 37 ]. It is interesting to note that these compounds are not found in the headspace of other Legionella species.…”

Possible mechanisms of action of Bacillus wiedmannii AzBw1, a biocontrol agent of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria

“…Some of them can stimulate plant growth and some others can suppress pathogenic microbes, nematodes and even insects (Popova et al 2014;De Vrieze et al 2015;Xu et al 2015;Cheng et al 2017;Sharifi and Ryu 2018). Emission of variety of nematocidal BVC such as benzeneacetaldehyde, 2-nonanone, decanal, 2-undecanone and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), phenyl ethanone, nonane, phenol, 3,5-dimethoxy-toluene, 2,3-dimethyl-butanedinitrile, 1-ethenyl-4-methoxy-benzene and methyl isovalerate (MIV) was reported from different species of Bacillus (Huang et al 2010;Ayaz et al 2021;Diyapoglu et al 2022). Among all of the mentioned compounds above, DMDS was the most reported anti-nematode compound in variety of microorganisms, therefore it was registered by Arkema as a pesticide with the trade name of Paladin (Diyapoglu et al 2022).…”

“…Emission of variety of nematocidal BVC such as benzeneacetaldehyde, 2-nonanone, decanal, 2-undecanone and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), phenyl ethanone, nonane, phenol, 3,5-dimethoxy-toluene, 2,3-dimethyl-butanedinitrile, 1-ethenyl-4-methoxy-benzene and methyl isovalerate (MIV) was reported from different species of Bacillus (Huang et al 2010;Ayaz et al 2021;Diyapoglu et al 2022). Among all of the mentioned compounds above, DMDS was the most reported anti-nematode compound in variety of microorganisms, therefore it was registered by Arkema as a pesticide with the trade name of Paladin (Diyapoglu et al 2022). Bi-plate Petri dish method was used to find out possible role of BVCs in anti-nematode Fig.…”

Evaluation of Fungal Volatile Organic Compounds for Control the Plant Parasitic Nematode Meloidogyne incognita

“…Several bacterial species have been shown to produce an array of nematicidal VOCs which are toxic to RKN in vitro and in a crop [ 31 , 32 ]. Since the profile varies with the bacterial species suggest that each species evolved nematicidal compounds independently [ 43 , 44 , 45 ].…”