Applications of carbon nanotubes in the twenty–first century

Endo, Morinobu; Hayashi, Tetsugo; Kim, Yoong Ahm; Terrones, Mauricio; Dresselhaus, M. S.

doi:10.1098/rsta.2004.1437

Cited by 229 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…They exhibit unusual strength and unique electrical properties and are extremely efficient conductors of heat. 1 Studies reported on carbon nanotubes to date have suggested their utility in a large number of sectors from microdevices and electronics to biological applications. The use of carbon nanotubes in various biological applications raises questions regarding the safety of its use and urges vigorous toxicological evaluations in various models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Induces Oxidative Stress and Activates Nuclear Transcription Factor-κB in Human Keratinocytes

et al. 2005

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Carbon nanotubes are now becoming an important material for use in day to day life because of their unique physical properties. The toxicological impact of these materials has not yet been studied in detail, thereby limiting their use. In the present study, the toxicity of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) was assessed in human keratinocyte cells. The results show increased oxidative stress and inhibition of cell proliferation in response to treatment of keratinocytes with SWCNT particles. In addition, the signaling mechanism in keratinocytes upon exposure to SWCNT particles was investigated. Results from the study suggest that SWCNT particles activate NF-κB in a dosedependent manner in human keratinocytes. Further, the mechanism of activation of NF-κB was due to the activation of stress-related kinases by SWCNT particles in keratinocytes. In conclusion, these studies show the mechanism of toxicity induced by SWCNT particles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Induces Oxidative Stress and Activates Nuclear Transcription Factor-κB in Human Keratinocytes

et al. 2005

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“…4 These unique properties render CNTs suitable for application in various fields for example, their use as supports in catalysis, nanoconveyors, field emission sources, chemical sensors, nanoelectronic devices and in fuel cells. 5,6 Methods for making CNTs such as arc discharge, laser ablation, pyrolysis and catalytic chemical vapour deposition (CCVD) have been developed. [7][8][9][10] To date the production of CNTs by the CCVD method remains the preferred route for their large scale production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The synthesis of carbon nanomaterials using chlorinated hydrocarbons over a Fe-Co/CaCO3 catalyst

Maboya¹,

Coville²,

Mhlanga³

2016

S.Afr.j.chem.

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The effect of chlorine on the morphology of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) prepared from a Fe-Co/CaCO 3 catalyst was investigated using chlorobenzene (CB), dichlorobenzene (DCB), trichlorobenzene (TCB), dichloroethane (DCE), trichloroethane (TCE) and tetrachloroethane (TTCE) as chlorine sources using a catalytic chemical vapour deposition (CCVD) method. Toluene was used as a chlorine-free carbon source for comparison. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were successfully synthesized. The physicochemical properties of the CNTs were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques. The inner and outer diameters of the MWCNTs increased with an increase in the number of chlorine atoms contained in the reactant. Chlorine incorporation into the MWCNTs was observed by EDS analysis for all reactants. Formation of 'bamboo-like' structures for the MWCNTs generated from TCE and TTCE was also observed, facilitated by the presence of the high percentage of chlorine in these reactants. Numerous MWCNTs revealed the presence of small carbon nanostructures that grew on top of the dominant CNTs, suggesting an unexpected secondary carbon growth mechanism.

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“…These materials have emerged as suitable alternatives to overcome the limitations of conventional micro composites [2]. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a promising raw material for industrial applications due to their outstanding properties [3]. Their application in conductive high strength composites [4] and interconnects [5] have received worldwide attention and interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis and Electrical Conductivity of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Nanosilver Composite

Pal

Sharma

Kumar

et al. 2012

Zeitschrift Für Naturforschung A

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Metal matrix nanocomposites reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have become popular in industrial applications. Due to their excellent thermophysical and mechanical properties, CNTs are considered as attractive filler for the improvement in properties of metals. In the present work, we have synthesized noncovalently functionalized CNT reinforced nanosilver composites by using a modified molecular level mixing method. The structure and morphology of nanocomposites are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The electrical conductivity of silver-CNT nanocomposites measured by the four-point probe method is found to be more than that of the pure nanosilver. The significant improvement in electrical conductivity of Ag/CNT nanocomposites stems from homogenous and embedded distribution of CNTs in a silver matrix with intact structure resulting from noncovalent functionalization. The low temperature sintering also enhances the electrical conductivity of Ag/CNT nanocomposites.

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Applications of carbon nanotubes in the twenty–first century

Cited by 229 publications

References 62 publications

Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Induces Oxidative Stress and Activates Nuclear Transcription Factor-κB in Human Keratinocytes

Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Induces Oxidative Stress and Activates Nuclear Transcription Factor-κB in Human Keratinocytes

The synthesis of carbon nanomaterials using chlorinated hydrocarbons over a Fe-Co/CaCO3 catalyst

Facile Synthesis and Electrical Conductivity of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Nanosilver Composite

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