Applications of Stereospecifically‐Labeled Fatty Acids in Oxygenase and Desaturase Biochemistry

Brash, Alan R.; Schneider, Claus; Hámberg, Mats

doi:10.1007/s11745-011-3612-7

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…LOX isoforms are conventionally named after the stereospecific carbon at which they oxygenate AA, e.g. 5-, 12-15-LOX [24]. In the 5-LOX active site, 5-hydroperoxy-PUFA can also undergo a catalytic rearrangement to form leukotrienes A-series (LTA), which can then be hydrolyzed by the LTA hydrolase to generate LT B-series (LTB), or, alternatively undergo conjugation to glutathione by the LTC synthase to form cysteinyl-LT such as LTC 4 [1].…”

Section: Biosynthesis Of Oxygenated Lipid Mediatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted lipidomic strategies for oxygenated metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids

Astarita

Kendall

Dennis

et al. 2015

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

121

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Oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) through enzymatic or non-enzymatic free radical-mediated reactions can yield an array of lipid metabolites including eicosanoids, octadecanoids, docosanoids and related species. In mammals, these oxygenated PUFA mediators play prominent roles in the physiological and pathological regulation of many key biological processes in the cardiovascular, renal, reproductive and other systems including their pivotal contribution to inflammation. Mass spectrometry-based technology platforms have revolutionized our ability to analyze the complex mixture of lipid mediators found in biological samples, with increased numbers of metabolites that can be simultaneously quantified from a single sample in few analytical steps. The recent development of high-sensitivity and high-throughput analytical tools for lipid mediators affords a broader view of these oxygenated PUFA species, and facilitates research into their role in health and disease. In this review, we illustrate current analytical approaches for a high-throughput lipidomic analysis of eicosanoids and related mediators in biological samples.

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Section: Biosynthesis Of Oxygenated Lipid Mediatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted lipidomic strategies for oxygenated metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids

Astarita

Kendall

Dennis

et al. 2015

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

121

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“…The different members of the LOX superfamily, whether prokaryotic, plant, fungal, invertebrate, or vertebrate/mammalian, all retain the same conserved amino acids at the catalytic center and share a common structural framework (6 -12). Taken together with an in-depth understanding of the basic chemistry involved in LOX catalysis (4,(13)(14)(15), this similarity has led to models in which much of the diversity in product formation is accounted for by proposed differences in substrate binding ( Fig. 1) and by the direction of oxygen attack on the activated fatty acid.…”

Section: Lipoxygenases (Lox)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal Structure of a Lipoxygenase in Complex with Substrate

Neau

Bender

Boeglin

et al. 2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Lipoxygenases (LOX) catalyze the oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids but generate distinct products from a common substrate. Results: We report the first structure of a LOX-substrate complex. Conclusion:The structure provides a context for understanding product specificity in enzymes that metabolize arachidonic acid. Significance: With roles in the production of potent lipid mediators, LOX are targets for drug design.

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“…e synthesis of PUFAs is based on the catalysis, dehydrogenation, and prolongation of stearic acid through a series of enzymes [26]. In mammalian livers, eicosapentaenoic acid is catalyzed by Δ5 and Δ7 lengthening enzymes for two times to form 24-carbon pentaenoic acid, 6…”

Section: Biosynthesis Of Fatty Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabonomic Study on the Plasma of High-Fat Diet-Induced Dyslipidemia Rats Treated with Ge Gen Qin Lian Decoction by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Sheng

Zeng

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Gegen Qinlian decoction (GGQLD) has a definite effect on T2DM in clinic, and it has the effect of lowering blood sugar, improving insulin resistance, and improving the blood lipid level of rats with dyslipidemia, but the intervention mechanism of GGQLD on dyslipidemia has not been clarified. The changes in endogenous metabolites in the plasma of high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia rats treated with Ge Gen Qin Lian Decoction (GGQLD) were studied to elucidate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of action of GGQLD in dyslipidemia. Based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS), the metabolic profiles of rat serum samples were collected. The rat model of dyslipidemia was induced by a 60% fat-fed high-fat diet. After feeding the rats with a high-fat diet for 4 weeks, dyslipidemia appeared. After 5 weeks of GGQLD (14.85 g kg−1) administration, the metabonomics of rats’ plasma samples in the normal group, model group, and administration group were analyzed. Mass profiler professional (MPP), SIMCA-P 14.1, and Graphpad prism 6.0 software were used combined with METLIN biological database and human metabolite database HMDB to screen and identify endogenous biomarkers. Metaboanalyst 4.0 software was used by combining with HMDB and KEGG databases; the enrichment and metabolic pathway of biomarkers were analyzed to explore the metabolic mechanism of dyslipidemia rats induced by high-fat diet and the intervention mechanism of Gegen Qinlian decoction. After 5 weeks of administration of GGQLD, the levels of serum TC and TG were significantly decreased ( P < 0.05 , P < 0.01 ), while HDL-C and LDL-C were not significantly affected. After administration, the food intake of rats in the administration group decreased gradually, and the change trend of body weight gradually slowed down. The metabonomics of rat plasma samples results showed that 23 potential biomarkers including α-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and lysophosphatidylcholine were significantly changed in positive ion mode. Studies have shown that GGQLD has a significant lipid-lowering effect on dyslipidemia rats induced by a high-fat diet, and its preventive mechanism is related to tryptophan metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, α-linolenic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid, and glycerophosphatidyl metabolism pathway.

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Applications of Stereospecifically‐Labeled Fatty Acids in Oxygenase and Desaturase Biochemistry

Cited by 15 publications

References 138 publications

Targeted lipidomic strategies for oxygenated metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids

Targeted lipidomic strategies for oxygenated metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids

Crystal Structure of a Lipoxygenase in Complex with Substrate

Metabonomic Study on the Plasma of High-Fat Diet-Induced Dyslipidemia Rats Treated with Ge Gen Qin Lian Decoction by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

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