“…), but without any corroborating evidence. In the remaining 26 studies [1,3,4,5,6,9,13,14,18,19,20,22,23,25,26,29,30,32,36,38,40,41,42,43,44,45], the competency level of students can only be determined based on circumstantial evidence (e.g. graduating L2 majors, students in an AL2 graduate course, etc.).…”