Approche empirique de l’intercompréhension : répertoires, processus et résultats

Abstract

Cet article présente une recherche sur les processus d'intercompréhension mis en oeuvre pour la compréhension d'un texte dans une langue non ou peu apprise mais typologiquement proche d'une langue connue. Se basant sur la vision holistique du plurilinguisme, selon laquelle chaque langue participe à la compétence globale de communication, les auteurs cherchent à déchiffrer les mécanismes qui permettent d'inférer la signifi cation d'items d'un texte dans une langue inconnue ainsi que sa compréhension globale et détaillée. Les principales pistes explorées sont la proximité linguistique des items et le profi l linguistique des sujets.

The lifespan development of cognate guessing skills in an unknown related language

“…For the remaining participants, therefore, the additional foreign languages were not obviously useful in providing transfer bases or examples of directly applicable sound correspondences between Germanic languages. A small to negligible effect of knowledge of foreign languages not related to the Lx is consistent with findings by Berthele (2011) and Berthele and Lambelet (2009).…”

“…the degree of formal similarity or corpus frequency, to cognate recognition (e.g. Berthele 2011; Berthele and Lambelet 2009;Gooskens et al 7 In an ideal world, these constructs would be measured using multiple tests in a latent-variable approach as recommended by Conway et al (2005). But even then, vocabulary test scores may underestimate the actual expansion of vocabulary knowledge throughout the life span (Ramscar et al 2014).…”

“…That said, what appears to be more crucial than the sheer number of languages in the participants' repertoires is whether they have good to excellent competences in two or more language varieties that are relatively closely related to one another as well as to the Lx. Berthele and Lambelet (2009) found that natively French-and Italian-speaking readers with above-average competences in Brought to you by | Florida International University Libraries Authenticated Download Date | 5/29/15 3:15 AM one additional Romance language outperformed those with above-average competences in another non-Romance language on a cognate guessing task with Romansh and Romanian targets. Similarly, Berthele (2011) found that self-assessed competences in a Germanic foreign language, viz.…”

“…Cognate guessing success has been found to show a positive correlation with the number of languages in the participants' repertoires (Berthele 2011;Berthele and Lambelet 2009). That said, what appears to be more crucial than the sheer number of languages in the participants' repertoires is whether they have good to excellent competences in two or more language varieties that are relatively closely related to one another as well as to the Lx.…”

Methods for studying the acquisition of a new language under controlled input conditions

“…The tests were based on lists of Polish words that had been identified as potentially allowing for inter-comprehension (Berthele & Lambelet 2009). The word lists were read aloud by a Polish native speaker.…”