“…In contrast, the proposed approach can directly generate the optimal FOBF model for any value of M, 3. Unlike [18], the all-pole structure of the Mth-order proposed model always requires N+2 terms, which is the same as that of the (N+1)th order Butterworth filter, and 4. Although the W -plane-based techniques [1,18] generate a stable design, these methods do not provide optimal pole placement in the W -plane.…”