Apremilast in the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: results from the ESTEEM studies

Cather, Jennifer Clay; Horn, Elizabeth J.

doi:10.4155/cli.15.50

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 50 publications

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“…The effectiveness of apremilast was assessed in two large phase 3 clinical trials termed as ESTEEM 1 and ESTEEM 2 in which patients with moderate plaque psoriasis were randomized to obtain the apremilast 30 mg or placebo for a period of 16 weeks. 13,14 There was a definite improvement in the PASI score of the apremilast arm as compared to placebo. There was also improvement with respect to other variables such as DLQI and pruritus VAS.…”

Section: Efficacymentioning

confidence: 93%

Utility of apremilast in the treatment of psoriasis

Snehalatha

Ravindranathan

Sriram

et al. 2018

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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Apremilast is one of the recent drugs that has been introduced for the treatment of this disorder and has been granted approval by the USFDA for treatment of the patients. The molecular formula of apremilast is CC₂₂H₂₄ N₂O₇S. Apremilast helps in increasing the level of intracellular cAMP. Apremilast alters many pro and antiinflammatory mediators like TNFα, IL -2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, IL-23 and IFNγ. ABSTRACTPsoriasis is an autoimmune disease that affects more than one bodily system with predominantly skin and also joint manifestations affecting almost 2% of the world population that occurs primarily due to immune dysregulation. Apremilast is an oral, selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) enzymes. Inhibition of PDE-4 results in specific elevation of cAMP, an innately occurring intracellular secondary messenger that functions as a modulator of inflammatory responses. The drug is taken orally in strengths of 10, 20 and 30 mg. The drug may be a suitable alternative to different systemic therapies. Apremilast is a much-needed molecule for the treatment of psoriasis that is resistant to first line therapy and also useful in combination therapies.

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Section: Efficacymentioning

confidence: 93%

Utility of apremilast in the treatment of psoriasis

Snehalatha

Ravindranathan

Sriram

et al. 2018

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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Emerging Pathophysiological Targets of Psoriasis for Future Therapeutic Strategies

Yadav

Sardana

Sharma

et al. 2020

IDDT

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Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disorder which involves complex interactions between genes, keratinocytes, T-cells and inflammatory cells it is affecting 2-3% population worldwide. Molecular biology and cellular immunology of psoriasis, when linked with biotechnology and genetic studies can help to understand the pathophysiology of psoriasis. T-cells activation, keratinocyte hyperproliferation and angiogenesis are the core mechanisms entailed in the development of psoriasis lesion. Investigators are trying to overcome the challenges of complex pathophysiology pathways involved in this disorder. The different possible hypothesis for its pathophysiology viz., growth factors, enzymes, inflammation and genetic factors mediated pathophysiology has been described in the present review paper in detail. Clinically available drugs only control the symptoms of the psoriasis but are not effective the cure the disorder completely and are also associated with some side effects such as itching, renal disorders, hematologic, nonmelanoma skin cancer, pulmonary, gastro-intestinal toxicity etc. This paper made an effort to understand the pathophysiological targets, discuss research done so far and the treatments available for the efffective management of psoriasis.

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Apremilast in the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: results from the ESTEEM studies

Cited by 2 publications

References 50 publications

Utility of apremilast in the treatment of psoriasis

Utility of apremilast in the treatment of psoriasis

Emerging Pathophysiological Targets of Psoriasis for Future Therapeutic Strategies

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