Aqueous humor from traumatized eyes triggers cell division in the epithelia of cultured lenses

Reddan, John R.; Weinsieder, A.; Wilson, Dorothy

doi:10.1016/0014-4835(79)90088-5

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Aqueous humor has been reported to stimulate the proliferation of a variety of cell types in culture, including those derived from the Tenon capsule, lens epithelium, corneal endothelium, and iris epithelium [29, , , , –34]. Other published reports indicate that aqueous humor contains many growth inhibitory factors [35, , –38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous Humor Enhances the Proliferation of Rat Retinal Precursor Cells in Culture, and This Effect Is Partially Reproduced by Ascorbic Acid

Yang¹,

Klassen²,

Pries³

et al. 2006

STEM CELLS

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Aqueous humor has been shown to influence the proliferation of various ocular cell types, but the effect on immature retinal cells is not known. Here, the effect of pig aqueous humor on the proliferation of rat retinal precursor cells (RPCs) was investigated. RPCs were prepared from embryonic day 19 SpragueDawley rats and cultured in the presence or absence of aqueous humor from healthy pigs along with a medium consisting of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium:Ham's F-12 medium, N2 supplement, and epidermal growth factor. Proliferation was quantified by [ 3 H]thymidine incorporation under different treatment conditions, and any associated morphological changes were noted. Potential active components of porcine aqueous humor were partially characterized by gel filtration chromatography, and the effect on RPC proliferation was determined. Results showed that adding 20% aqueous humor increased [3 H]thymidine incorporation by as much as 317%, as compared with controls. Aqueous supplementation also increased both the number and size of RPC spherical aggregates ("spheres") over the first 4 days, consistent with increased proliferative activity. Using gel filtration and the in vitro proliferation assay, the growth-promoting activity of aqueous humor was localized to two different molecular mass ranges, namely, around 30 kDa and less than 1 kDa. Ascorbic acid was present in the lower molecular mass fraction, and use of this molecule reproduced some, but not all, of the proliferative activity present in aqueous humor. These results highlight the potential role of soluble factors present in the cellular microenvironment with respect to modulation of endogenous progenitor cell activity. STEM CELLS 2006;24:2766 -2775

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous Humor Enhances the Proliferation of Rat Retinal Precursor Cells in Culture, and This Effect Is Partially Reproduced by Ascorbic Acid

Yang¹,

Klassen²,

Pries³

et al. 2006

STEM CELLS

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“…Given that blood components are present in the anterior chamber early in development, some information can be obtained from analysis of plasmoid aqueous humor, which contains all of the major constituents of serum (Reddan et al, 1979;Weinsieder et al, 1976;R. "ripathi et al, 1991a).…”

Section: Growth Factors and The Blood-ocular Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…"ripathi et al, 1991a). In studies in vitro, rabbit lenses cultured in plasmoid aqueous humor o r serum or insulin demonstrate bursts of synthetic and hyperplastic activity throughout regions of the epithelium that are normally amitotic (Weinsieder et al, 1976;Reddan et al, 1979). Fetal calf serum stimulates extensive cell elongation; it increases the synthesis and accumulation of delta crystallin and its mRNA, and it causes loss of most cellular organelles, nuclear pyknosis, DNA degradation, and reduction of mitotic activity (van Doorenmaalen et al, 1982;Gerber et al, 1988).…”

Section: Growth Factors and The Blood-ocular Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of growth factors in the embryogenesis and differentiation of the eye

Tripathi

Livingston

et al. 1991

Am. J. Anat.

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The vertebrate eye is composed of a variety of tissues that, embryonically, have their derivation from surface ectoderm, neural ectoderm, neural crest, and mesodermal mesenchyme. During development, these different types of cells are subjected to complex processes of induction and suppressive interactions that bring about their final differentiation and arrangement in the fully formed eye. With the changing concept of ocular development, we present a new perspective on the control of morphogenesis at the cellular and molecular levels by growth factors that include fibroblast growth factors, epidermal growth factor, nerve growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factors, mesodermal growth factors, transferrin, tumor necrosis factor, neuronotrophic factors, angiogenic factors, and antiangiogenic factors. Growth factors, especially transforming growth factor-beta, have a crucial role in directing the migration and developmental patterns of the cranial neural-crest cells that contribute extensively to the structures of the eye. Some growth factors also exert an effect on the developing ocular tissues by influencing the synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix. The mRNAs for the growth factors that are involved in the earliest aspects of the growth and differentiation of the fertilized egg are supplied from maternal sources until embryonic tissues are able to synthesize them. Subsequently, the developing eye tissues are exposed to both endogenous and exogenous growth factors that are derived from nonocular tissues as well as from embryonic fluids and the systemic circulation. The early interaction between the surface head ectoderm and the underlying chordamesoderm confers a lens-forming bias on the ectoderm; later, the optic vesicle elicits the final phase of determination and enhances differentiation by the lens. After the blood-ocular barrier is established, the internal milieu of the eye is controlled by the interactions among the intraocular tissues; only those growth factors that selectively cross the barrier or that are synthesized by the ocular tissues can influence further development and differentiation of the cells. An understanding of the tissue interactions that are regulated by growth factors could clarify the precise mechanism of normal and abnormal ocular development.

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“…It is assumed that stimulatory factors present in the aqueous induce rapid scarring and subsequent surgical failure. Some breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier inevitably occurs with eye surgery, releasing serum factors into the wound site (Krause et al, 1971;Reddan et al, 1979;Snaders et al, 1982) which also contribute to the repair process.…”

Section: The Wound-healing Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and controlling the scarring response: The contribution of histology and microscopy

Daniels

Occleston

Crowston

et al. 1998

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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Aqueous humor from traumatized eyes triggers cell division in the epithelia of cultured lenses

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Aqueous Humor Enhances the Proliferation of Rat Retinal Precursor Cells in Culture, and This Effect Is Partially Reproduced by Ascorbic Acid

Aqueous Humor Enhances the Proliferation of Rat Retinal Precursor Cells in Culture, and This Effect Is Partially Reproduced by Ascorbic Acid

The role of growth factors in the embryogenesis and differentiation of the eye

Understanding and controlling the scarring response: The contribution of histology and microscopy

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