Arabidopsis BPG2: a phytochrome-regulated gene whose protein product binds to plastid ribosomal RNAs

Kim, Byung–Hoon; Malec, Przemysław; Waloszek, Andrzej; Arnim, Albrecht G. von

doi:10.1007/s00425-012-1638-6

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Loss of BPG2 function causes a yellow leaf phenotype and abnormal 16S and 23S rRNA accumulation. BPG2 was found to bind to 16S and 23S rRNA (Komatsu et al, 2010;Kim et al, 2012). Thus, it would be interesting to analyze the embryogenesis phenotype of the atnoa1 atbpg2 double mutant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryo defective 14 encodes a plastid‐targeted cGTPase essential for embryogenesis in maize

Shen

Meeley

et al. 2015

The Plant Journal

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SUMMARYThe embryo defective (emb) mutants in maize genetically define a unique class of loci that is required for embryogenesis but not endosperm development, allowing dissection of two developmental processes of seed formation. Through characterization of the emb14 mutant, we report here that Emb14 gene encodes a circular permuted, YqeH class GTPase protein that likely functions in 30S ribosome formation in plastids. Loss of Emb14 function in the null mutant arrests embryogenesis at the early transition stage. Emb14 was cloned by transposon tagging and was confirmed by analysis of four alleles. Subcellular localization indicated that the EMB14 is targeted to chloroplasts. Recombinant EMB14 is shown to hydrolyze GTP in vitro (K m = 2.42 AE 0.3 lM). Emb14 was constitutively expressed in all tissues examined and high level of expression was found in transition stage embryos. Comparison of emb14 and WT indicated that loss of EMB14 function severely impairs accumulation of 16S rRNA and several plastid encoded ribosomal genes. We show that an EMB14 transgene complements the pale green, slow growth phenotype conditioned by mutations in AtNOA1, a closely related YqeH GTPase of Arabidopsis. Taken together, we propose that the EMB14/ AtNOA1/YqeH class GTPases function in assembly of the 30S subunit of the chloroplast ribosome, and that this function is essential to embryogenesis in plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryo defective 14 encodes a plastid‐targeted cGTPase essential for embryogenesis in maize

Shen

Meeley

et al. 2015

The Plant Journal

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“…To corroborate the finding that maturation of 16S rRNA was specifically affected and to identify the steps where the maturation pathway was perturbed, we performed Northern blot analysis using a specific probe against mature 16S rRNA ( Figure 3a). As positive controls for small chloroplast subunit defects we included two known chloroplast 30S assembly factor mutants rif1 (resistant to inhibition by fosmidomycin) (Flores-P erez et al, 2008) and bpg2 (Brz-insensitive-pale green 2) (Kim et al, 2012). While in the WT, mature 16S rRNA was the most abundant rRNA, atrsgA-i, rif1 and bpg2 mutants showed accumulation of 17S rRNA, a precursor of 16S rRNA ( Figure 3d) (Fristedt et al, 2014).…”

Section: Atrsga Is Involved In the Maturation Of 30s Ribosomes In Chlmentioning

confidence: 99%

AtRsgA from Arabidopsis thaliana is important for maturation of the small subunit of the chloroplast ribosome

et al. 2018

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Plastid ribosomes are very similar in structure and function to the ribosomes of their bacterial ancestors. Since ribosome biogenesis is not thermodynamically favorable under biological conditions it requires the activity of many assembly factors. Here we have characterized a homolog of bacterial RsgA in Arabidopsis thaliana and show that it can complement the bacterial homolog. Functional characterization of a strong mutant in Arabidopsis revealed that the protein is essential for plant viability, while a weak mutant produced dwarf, chlorotic plants that incorporated immature pre-16S ribosomal RNA into translating ribosomes. Physiological analysis of the mutant plants revealed smaller, but more numerous, chloroplasts in the mesophyll cells, reduction of chlorophyll a and b, depletion of proplastids from the rib meristem and decreased photosynthetic electron transport rate and efficiency. Comparative RNA sequencing and proteomic analysis of the weak mutant and wild-type plants revealed that various biotic stress-related, transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional modification pathways were repressed in the mutant. Intriguingly, while nuclear- and chloroplast-encoded photosynthesis-related proteins were less abundant in the mutant, the corresponding transcripts were increased, suggesting an elaborate compensatory mechanism, potentially via differentially active retrograde signaling pathways. To conclude, this study reveals a chloroplast ribosome assembly factor and outlines the transcriptomic and proteomic responses of the compensatory mechanism activated during decreased chloroplast function.

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“…Previous studies reported that BPG2, as a YqeH-type GTPase, participates in chloroplast rRNA maturation 31 32 . To determine whether the lack of YL1 is responsible for the phenotypes of yl1-1 , we introduced the full-length open reading frame of YL1 to the yl1-1 mutant under the control of the 35S promoter.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Arabidopsis YL1/BPG2 Is Involved in Seedling Shoot Response to Salt Stress through ABI4

Huang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The chloroplast-localized proteins play roles in plant salt stress response, but their mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we screened a yellow leaf mutant, yl1-1, whose shoots exhibited hypersensitivity to salt stress. We mapped YL1 to AT3G57180, which encodes a YqeH-type GTPase. YL1, as a chloroplast stroma-localized protein, could be markedly reduced by high salinity. Upon exposure to high salinity, seedling shoots of yl1-1 and yl1-2 accumulated significantly higher levels of Na+ than wild type. Expression analysis of factors involved in plant salt stress response showed that the expression of ABI4 was increased and HKT1 was evidently suppressed in mutant shoots compared with the wild type under normal growth conditions. Moreover, salinity effects on ABI4 and HKT1 were clearly weakened in the mutant shoots, suggesting that the loss of YL1 function impairs ABI4 and HKT1 expression. Notably, the shoots of yl1-2 abi4 double mutant exhibited stronger resistance to salt stress and accumulated less Na+ levels after salt treatment compared with the yl1-2 single mutant, suggesting the salt-sensitive phenotype of yl1-2 seedlings could be rescued via loss of ABI4 function. These results reveal that YL1 is involved in the salt stress response of seedling shoots through ABI4.

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Arabidopsis BPG2: a phytochrome-regulated gene whose protein product binds to plastid ribosomal RNAs

Cited by 22 publications

References 42 publications

Embryo defective 14 encodes a plastid‐targeted cGTPase essential for embryogenesis in maize

Embryo defective 14 encodes a plastid‐targeted cGTPase essential for embryogenesis in maize

AtRsgA from Arabidopsis thaliana is important for maturation of the small subunit of the chloroplast ribosome

Arabidopsis YL1/BPG2 Is Involved in Seedling Shoot Response to Salt Stress through ABI4

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