Arc discharge rapid synthesis of engineered copper oxides nano shapes with potent antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant bacteria

Abstract

Nowadays Nano metals have received an eminent compromise of attention. Even though different nanostructure of same metal maybe gives different results in wide range applications. Copper oxide (CuO-NPs) and Copper Nano wires (CuO-NWs) were prepared in controlled size via the alternating current Arc discharge process. Deionized water and argon gas were the chosen dielectric medium during the process to obtain 2 different forms of copper oxides. By changing the dielectric material from deionized water to argon gas the shape of CuO nanoparticles changed from spherical (CuO-NPs) to wires (CuO-NWS). The yield prepared depicted the purity of the prepared CuO, and their diameters were about 10 ± 5 nm and 30 ± 3 nm for CuO-NWs and CuO-NPs respectively. In vitro cytotoxic effect of the prepared CuO-NWs & CuO-NPs using human normal lung fibroblast cell line (WI-38 cells) revealed that CuO-NWs & CuO-NPs CC50 values were 458.8 and 155.6 µg/mL respectively. Both yields showed potent antibacterial activity against different multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains. A complete eradication of the bacterial growth was noticed after 4 Hrs incubation with CuO-NWs. Moreover, CuO-NWs showed superior antibacterial activity (with minimum inhibitory concentration reached 1.8 µg/mL) over CuO-NPs. The detailed antibacterial activity mechanism of CuO-NWs was further investigated; data proved the precipitation and adsorption of the nanoparticles on the bacterial cell surface leading to cell deformation with reactive oxygen species increment. The results explicated that the nanoparticles shape plays an essential role in the antibacterial activity. Rotational Arc discharge machine might be a promising tool to obtain various metal nanostructures with low cost and environmentally friendly with potent activity.

Recent Updates on Multifunctional Nanomaterials as Antipathogens in Humans and Livestock: Classification, Application, Mode of Action, and Challenges

“…The overproduction of ROS causes oxidative stress, which affects the structure and function of most biomolecules. For example, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation are significantly increased [166,167], causing plasma membrane damage and cell apoptosis [168]. ROS mainly inactivate bacteria through two mechanisms: (i) the bacterial cell wall is destroyed, resulting in the leakage of cell contents or damage to the normal membrane transport system function, and the normal structure of related proteases is damaged to inactivate them [169]; (ii) ROS damage the sugar components and bases in genetic DNA, causing the double helix structure to be destroyed, causing normal bacterial proliferation and metabolism [170].…”

Submerged Discharges in Liquids for Nanoobject Synthesis: Expectations and Capabilities

“…They observed inhibition of growth of colonies deposited on agar plates for both types of bacteria. Elwaki et al [179] produced spherical CuO nanoparticles by discharges in water and compared their antibacterial activity with nanowires produced in the same reactor by simply replacing liquid water with argon gas. They found that both types of nanoobjects showed potent antibacterial activity against different multi-drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains, with nanowires showing superior antibacterial activity over particles.…”

CuO Nanoparticles and Microaggregates: An Experimental and Computational Study of Structure and Electronic Properties

“…A noteworthy feature is the tunability of its bandgap, which can be either direct (2 eV–4 eV) or indirect (1 eV–1.4 eV) depending on the conditions (e. g. presence of surface and/or defect states, applied strain) and can be engineered by changing the latter [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Such a feature paves the way for its use in opto-electronic applications of different types and has recently been employed in gas sensing [ 29 , 30 ], magnetic storage [ 31 ], solar energy harvesting—transformation [ 32 ] and catalysis [ 33 , 34 ], as a photothermally active and photoconductive compound [ 35 ], as well as a biocide against several targets, including fungi [ 36 , 37 , 38 ], bacteria [ 39 , 40 , 41 ], or cellular lines (tumor [ 42 ] and macrophage [ 43 ]).…”