Architectural tradeoffs for reconfigurable dense wavelength-division multiplexing systems

Hardware-programmable optical networks

“…Reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM) is one of the key functions in optical networks.To support flexible optical bandwidth provision, SSSs will be used in ROADMs with either "Route and Select" (R&S) or "Broadcast and Select" (B&S) architectures [17]. We first adopted the AoD-based adaptability in add/drop banks (ADB) of ROADM [18].…”

Wavelength-Selective Switches for Mode-Division Multiplexing: Scaling and Performance Analysis

“…Also shown in Fig. 6 are mode-averaged transmission coefficients (8) for the fundamental LG00 mode and for two to five mode groups (2 ≤ gmax ≤ 5), for  = 2. The passband shape is continuously degraded as the number of mode groups increases, also consistent with (3) with Reff taken from Figs.…”

Passive filterless core networks based on advanced modulation and electrical compensation technologies

“…2. The active photonic network solutions are based on WSS devices, which perform per wavelength routing in the optical domain [9]. In a filterless optical network, the active photonic switching elements are replaced by passive optical fiber interconnection components.…”

“…Based on liquid crystal (LC) or micro-electro mechanical system (MEMS) technology, a wavelength blocker (WB) is a photonic device with a single input/output port that allows specific wavelengths to be passed through, attenuated or blocked [9]. In the network, these wavelength blockers create islands of transparency and allow wavelength reuse at strategic locations.…”