Architecture of Kinematics and Deformation History of the Tertiary Supradetachment Thrace Basin: Rhodope Province (NE Greece)

Antimony’s Significance as a Critical Metal: The Global Perspective and the Greek Deposits

“…Central-Eastern Macedonia and Thrace: Geology, Tectonic Setting, and Antimony Deposits All antimony deposits in central Macedonia are located in the Serbomacedonian and Rhodope massifs of the Hellenic hinterland. Kilias et al [63,77] distinguished five deformational events in Thrace since the Eocene: (i) event D1 lasted from the middle-late Eocene until the Oligocene; it is related to ductile tectonics and the formation of detachment faults, which resulted in the exhumation of the metamorphic core complexes (see also [45,76,[78][79][80]; (ii) event D2 lasted from the late Oligocene until the early Miocene; it was related to transpressional tectonics under brittle conditions, which formed conjugate strike-slip faults (sinistral along NNE-SSW to NNW-SSE striking faults, and dextral along WNW-ESE to NW-SE striking faults), as well as thrust faults and folds with N-NW or S-SE sense of movement (see also [81]); (iii) event D3 lasted from the middle of the Miocene until the Pliocene; it was related to extensional brittle tectonics, which created large WNW-ESE to NNW-SSE oriented, high-angle normal to oblique-normal faults and reactivated some previous D2 structures under oblique motion (see also [76]); (iv) event D4 occurred in the Pliocene; it was related to the formation of large WNW-ESE to NE-SW striking, usually oblique-normal fault zones, which generally cut at a high angle the detachment fault of the D1 deformational event (see also [66,82]); and (v) event D5 is the most contemporary deformation event since the Pleistocene, related to the NNE-SSW oriented (σ 3 axis) extensional stress field and the roughly E-W striking and active normal faulting. In central Macedonia and the North Aegean Sea, three extensional tectonic phases are distinguished [66]: (i) a late Miocene, associated with a WNW-ESE-oriented σ 3 -axis, (ii) a Pliocene-early Pleistocene, associated with a NE-SW-oriented σ 3 -axis (see also [83]), and (iii) a mid-Pleistocene-Present day, associated with a N-S-oriented σ 3 -axis.…”

“…It is present in the form of disseminations, high-angle quartz-barite-carbonate veins, and breccia. The stibnite mineralization is mainly hosted by vertical WNW-ESE-to NW-SE-oriented faults, which crosscut the detachment fault at high angles (Kanellopoulos, unpublished data; Figure 5) and could be associated with a late D1 to early D2 tectonics [63,77] implying an Oligocene deposition.…”

Origin of the High-K Tertiary magmatism in Northern Greece: Implications for mantle geochemistry and geotectonic setting.

“…Similar magmatic activity exists also in the continuation of RM in north-western Turkey (Bonev et al, 2007 and references therein). This magmatism is associated probably with the subduction of Pindos ocean; however, the remnant of the subducted slab of the Eastern margin of the opened, until the Tertiary time, Vardar-Axios ocean could also be the driving mechanism for the Tertiary magmatic activity in the Rhodope province or Vardar oceanic lithospheres (see Perugini et al, 2004;Kilias et al, 2011).…”

Marialitic Scapolite Occurences From the Kimmeria-Lefkopetra Metamorphic Contact, Xanthi (N. Greece)

“…The evolution of the Rhodope Massif during the Oligocene to Miocene was heavily influenced by the presence of fault-controlled sedimentary basins (Caracciolo et al, 2011;Kilias et al, 2011) and calc-alkaline to high-K calc-alkaline intrusive and extrusive magmatism. Intrusive rocks include those of the XPC which were emplaced into gneisses, mica schists, amphibolites, calc-silicate rocks, marbles and Eocene-Oligocene sedimentary rocks of the Rhodope Massif (Fig.…”