Are isolated anti-HBc blood donors in high risk group? The detection of HBV DNA in isolated anti-HBc cases with nucleic acid amplification test (NAT) based on transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) and HBV discrimination

Efficacy of the nationwide hepatitis B infant vaccination program in Taiwan

“…Since mass HBV vaccination implemented in Taiwan, fewer prevalence of anti-HBc were detected, 30,31 and HBV-DNA negativity great majority found in the anti-HBc positive subjects. 32 Hence, anti-HBc test was not added in routine entrant health-screening examination of university recently in Taiwan. A high maternal viremia may be an important reason to the vaccine failure.…”

Hepatitis B virus nucleic acid amplification testing of Australian blood donors highlights the complexity of confirming occult hepatitis B virus infection

“…It is also recognized that an additional benefit of HBV NAT is the detection of occult HBV infection (OBI), a form of chronic HBV infection characterized by undetectable HBsAg, usually low levels of HBV DNA and detectable anti‐HBc . OBI in blood donors has now been widely reported15‐28 and the phenomenon comprehensively reviewed . The risk associated with blood components from donors with OBI in Australia was recently estimated as approximately 1 in 982,000 per unit transfused, constituting 55% of the total HBV residual risk, which is estimated at approximately 1 in 538,000 per unit transfused .…”

Classical and Modern Approaches Used for Viral Hepatitis Diagnosis

“…Nucleic acid sequence base amplification (NASBA) and transcription mediated amplification (TMA) are of target amplification molecular techniques (29). Both techniques are designed to amplify and detect RNA and therefore, are very suitable to detect RNA hepatitis viruses such as HCV and HAV.…”