Are one or two dangerous? Phenothiazine exposure in toddlers

Love, Jeffrey J.; Smith, Jacqueline; Simmons, Rachel P.

doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2005.08.013

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

(35 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[9][10][11][12][13] Herein we report the first use of a selective surface for ambient mass spectrometry; more specifically, the association of MIP with EASI-MS for the analysis of target drugs in a biological sample (urine). Owing to their therapeutic importance and toxicity, 14,15 the class of phenothiazine drugs (Fig. 2) was selected as a proof-of-principle case to test the suitability of the MIP-EASI-MS approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecularly imprinted polymers as analyte sequesters and selective surfaces for easy ambient sonic-spray ionization

Figueiredo

Sanvido

Arruda

et al. 2010

Analyst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as a selective surface for ambient mass spectrometry is demonstrated. The MIP is used to sequester target analytes from urine and easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry (EASI-MS) is shown to be able to efficiently desorb the analytes from the MIP surface and then transfer them in protonated forms to the gas phase for MS analysis. A set of five phenothiazines (chlorpromazine, perphenazine, triflupromazine, thioridazine and prochlorperazine) were chosen from a proof-of-principle class of drug samples. A chlorpromazine-imprinted methacrylic polymer was synthesized and used to prepare a MIP probe. The MIP-EASI-MS technique using acidified methanol as solvent has been shown to allow quantification of all five drugs in urine with LOQ of ca. 1 micromol L(-1).

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecularly imprinted polymers as analyte sequesters and selective surfaces for easy ambient sonic-spray ionization

Figueiredo

Sanvido

Arruda

et al. 2010

Analyst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

A new restricted access molecularly imprinted polymer capped with albumin for direct extraction of drugs from biological matrices: the case of chlorpromazine in human plasma

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new restricted access molecularly imprinted polymer coated with bovine serum albumin (RAMIP-BSA) was developed, characterized, and used for direct analysis of chlorpromazine in human plasma samples. The RAMIP-BSA was synthesized using chlorpromazine, methacrylic acid, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as template, functional monomer, and cross-linker, respectively. Glycerol dimethacrylate and hydroxy methyl methacrylate were used to promote a hydrophilic surface (high density of hydroxyl groups). Afterward, the polymer was coated with BSA using glutaraldehyde as cross-linker, resulting in a protein chemical shield around it. The material was able to eliminate ca. 99% of protein when a 44-mg mL(-1) BSA aqueous solution was passed through it. The RAMIP-BSA was packed in a column and used for direct analysis of chlorpromazine in human plasma samples in an online column switching high-performance liquid chromatography system. The analytical calibration curve was prepared in a pool of human plasma samples with chlorpromazine concentrations ranging from 30 to 350 μg L(-1). The correlation coefficient obtained was 0.995 and the limit of quantification was 30 μg L(-1). Intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy presented variation coefficients and relative errors lower than 15% and within -15 and 15%, respectively. The sample throughput was 3 h(-1) (sample preparation and chromatographic analysis steps) and the same RAMIP-BSA column was efficiently used for about 90 cycles.

show abstract

Phenothiazines

Dougherty¹,

Marraffa²

2014

Encyclopedia of Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Are one or two dangerous? Phenothiazine exposure in toddlers

Cited by 12 publications

References 54 publications

Molecularly imprinted polymers as analyte sequesters and selective surfaces for easy ambient sonic-spray ionization

Molecularly imprinted polymers as analyte sequesters and selective surfaces for easy ambient sonic-spray ionization

A new restricted access molecularly imprinted polymer capped with albumin for direct extraction of drugs from biological matrices: the case of chlorpromazine in human plasma

Phenothiazines

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About