Arsenic hazards: strategies for tolerance and remediation by plants

Tripathi, Rudra Deo; Srivastava, Sudhakar; Mishra, Seema; Singh, Nandita; Tuli, Rakesh; Gupta, Dharmendra K.; Maathuis, Frans J. M.

doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.02.003

Cited by 596 publications

(261 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Considerable progress has been made during the last years in the identification of the molecular mechanisms of arsenic (As) uptake, metabolism, and translocation (for reviews see refs. [6][7][8]. After entering into roots through highaffinity phosphate transporters, arsenate [As(V)] is readily reduced to arsenite [As(III)].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic tolerance in Arabidopsis is mediated by two ABCC-type phytochelatin transporters

Song

Park

Mendoza‐Cózatl

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

572

388

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Arsenic is an extremely toxic metalloid causing serious health problems. In Southeast Asia, aquifers providing drinking and agricultural water for tens of millions of people are contaminated with arsenic. To reduce nutritional arsenic intake through the consumption of contaminated plants, identification of the mechanisms for arsenic accumulation and detoxification in plants is a prerequisite. Phytochelatins (PCs) are glutathione-derived peptides that chelate heavy metals and metalloids such as arsenic, thereby functioning as the first step in their detoxification. Plant vacuoles act as final detoxification stores for heavy metals and arsenic. The essential PC-metal (loid) transporters that sequester toxic metal(loid)s in plant vacuoles have long been sought but remain unidentified in plants. Here we show that in the absence of two ABCC-type transporters, AtABCC1 and AtABCC2, Arabidopsis thaliana is extremely sensitive to arsenic and arsenic-based herbicides. Heterologous expression of these ABCC transporters in phytochelatin-producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae enhanced arsenic tolerance and accumulation. Furthermore, membrane vesicles isolated from these yeasts exhibited a pronounced arsenite [As(III)]-PC 2 transport activity. Vacuoles isolated from atabcc1 atabcc2 double knockout plants exhibited a very low residual As(III)-PC 2 transport activity, and interestingly, less PC was produced in mutant plants when exposed to arsenic. Overexpression of AtPCS1 and AtABCC1 resulted in plants exhibiting increased arsenic tolerance. Our findings demonstrate that AtABCC1 and AtABCC2 are the long-sought and major vacuolar PC transporters. Modulation of vacuolar PC transporters in other plants may allow engineering of plants suited either for phytoremediation or reduced accumulation of arsenic in edible organs.ABC transporter | vacuolar sequestration | multidrug resistance-associated protein

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic tolerance in Arabidopsis is mediated by two ABCC-type phytochelatin transporters

Song

Park

Mendoza‐Cózatl

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

572

388

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“…It has been reported that in yeasts, arsenic tolerance is provided by three contiguous genes in the cluster ACR1, ACR2 and ACR3: ACR1 encodes a putative transcription factor; ACR2 encodes an arsenate reductase; and ACR3 encodes a plasma membrane AsIII-efflux transporter. This mechanism ensures As(V) reduction and its removal from the cytosol to the external medium (Tripathi et al 2007). There is a possibility of the presence of such arsenic removal system in rice and jute plants which may be another possible reason in the decline of arsenic bioaccumulation with time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trend of Arsenic Pollution and Subsequent Bioaccumulation in <i>Oryza sativa</i> and <i>Corchorus capsularis</i> in Bengal Delta

Bhattacharya

Guha

Gupta³

et al. 2014

ILNS

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Oryza sativa Linn. (rice) and Corchorus capsularis Linn. (jute) are the two major crops of the Bengal basin. Both rice and jute are generally grown in submerged flooded conditions, where arsenic bioavailability is high in soil. The consumers of the edible parts from both plants therefore face an inevitable source of exposure to arsenic, with consequent accumulation and toxicity. The objective of the study was to observe the in-vivo temporal variation of arsenic bioaccumulation in the different parts of O. sativa and C. capsularis. Rice plant specimens (Aman rice, Ratna variety) of different age groups (1, 2 and 3 months old) were analyzed in HG-AAS for absorbed arsenic content in different parts. The accumulation of arsenic remained significantly high in the initial phase of growth, but decreased with time. Amount of arsenic bioaccumulation followed the decreasing order: root > basal stem > median stem > apical stem > leaves > grains in all the three age groups of the rice plant samples. C. capsularis followed a trend of arsenic bioaccumulation similar to O. sativa. O. sativa had more accumulation potential than C. capsularis, but C. capsularis showed much higher efficiency of arsenic translocation in the above ground parts. This is the first ever report of time-dependent decrease in arsenic bioaccumulation in O. sativa and C. capsularis. The contamination level can reach the grain part in significant amount and can cause health hazards in more severely arsenic affected areas. Intensive investigation on a complete food chain is urgently needed in the arsenic contaminated zones for further risk assessments.

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“…A study in Macedonia recommended alfalfa for the phytoremediation of soils made toxic with lead, oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) for toxicity with cadmium, and alfalfa and white clover for toxicity with zinc 45 . Of special interest is arsenic toxicity of groundwater in eastern India and Bangladesh 47,48 and several other countries of the world 49 . Large intake of arsenic results in lung, kidney and bladder cancer and several other ailments 50 .…”

Section: Role In Phytoremediationmentioning

confidence: 99%