“…Polysaccharides, such as chitosan, alginate, dextran, and hyaluronic acid, have advanced scaffold development due to their low cost, ease of commercialization, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. They are similar to the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is rich in glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycolipids [ 149 , 150 , 151 , 152 ]. Tissue engineering scaffolds are generally produced as pre-fabricated or in situ cross-linked hydrogels, with many using 3D printing technology.…”