Artificial Receptors in Serologic Tests for the Early Diagnosis of Dengue Virus Infection

Abstract

Background: Because of the range and nonspecificity of clinical presentations of dengue virus infections, we felt there was a need to create diagnostic tests. We used artificial receptors for the virus to develop serologic assays to detect dengue virus infection. Methods: We coated a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) with molecularly imprinted polymers specific for nonstructural protein 1 of flavivirus. These artificial receptors were specifically created on a QCM chip by polymerization of monomers and were cross-linked in the presence of the epitope site of nonstructural protein 1. We tested serum samples from patients with confirmed cases of dengue reported to the Center for Disease Control in Taipei. Samples were diluted 100-fold; no other sample pretreatment was used. The QCM response was compared with results of monoclonal ELISA. Results: QCM signals were >15 Hz in 18 of 21 (86%) of dengue samples and in 0 of 16 control samples. The correlation (r 2 ) of the QCM response and the ELISA result was 0.73. Within-run and run-to-run imprecisions (CV) were 4%-28% and 10%-32%, respectively. Conclusions: The described assay offers a serologic technique for diagnosis of early viremia. The results illustrate the potential of well-organized polymers on the highly sensitive sensor system for diagnostic and biotechnological applications.

An impedimetric biosensor to test neat serum for dengue diagnosis

“…The modified electrode showed a linear response for the target protein at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 2.00 g mL −1 and 0.01 to 1.00 g mL −1 for PBS and neat blood, respectively. This biosensor displays a better limit of detection (LOD) compared to previous sensors developed by Wu et al [16] and Tai et al [17] (3 ng mL −1 in PBS versus 740 ng mL −1 and 5 ng mL −1 , respectively) and has a LOD in neat serum that is useful for clinical applications (30 ng mL −1 ) [6]. 6 ]·3H 2 O, anhydrous ethanol, ethanolamine, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human blood serum were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used without previous purification.…”

Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever: Indian perspective

“…During primary infection, viraemia and fever coincides, but during a secondary infection (second time infection with DV), the viraemia is present for 2 to 3 days, and NS1 antigens in blood lasts little longer. With a newer approach, artifi cial NS1 receptors have been implanted on a reuseable microchip that can capture and identify NS1 instantly and may be used for bedside diagnosis of dengue virus infection (Tai et al 2006).…”

A nanobeads amplified QCM immunosensor for the detection of avian influenza virus H5N1

“…Microgravimetric quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), owing to its simplicity and cost effectiveness, has been extensively investigated as a transducer for virus detection such as influenza A and B viruses (Owen et al, 2007;Hewa et al, 2009), dengue virus Chen et al, 2009a), airborne vaccinia viruses (Lee et al, 2008), flavivirus (Tai et al, 2006), bovine ephemeral fever virus , hybridization of hepatitis B virus (Yao et al, 2008), human rhinovirus (HRV) and the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) (Tai et al, ,2006Jenik et al, 2009), and other viruses (Abad et al, 1998;Eun et al, 2002). Based on the Web of Science database, to date there is only one report published on QCM immunosensor for AI virus detection (Liu et al, 2008), however, this study was only type-specific viral detection and could not be used for the avian influenza virus subtype identification.…”