Aryne cycloaddition reaction as a facile and mild modification method for design of electrode materials for high-performance symmetric supercapacitor

Carbon Nanomaterial Fluorescent Probes and Their Biological Applications

“…679 These dopants, and boron, 832 can also be incorporated directly upon synthesis. 833 GO and RGO can be modified with 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, 779,834,835 diazonium radical additions, 776,836−840 carbene 841 and nitrene 842 additions, [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangements, 843 alkylations, 844 and halogenations, 845−852 among other chemical inclusions. 655,853,854 Additional covalent modifications can occur on the newly installed oxygencontaining groups.…”

“…GO and RGO can be modified with 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, ,, diazonium radical additions, ,− carbene and nitrene additions, [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangements, alkylations, and halogenations, − among other chemical inclusions. ,, Additional covalent modifications can occur on the newly installed oxygen-containing groups. Utilizing the carboxylic acids, many groups have performed amide couplings with amines on small molecules, − biomolecules, polymers − and other compounds of interest. ,− This approach has also been used to help further solubilize and passivate through attachment of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-amines ,, or poly- l -lysine. , In a similar manner, esters, ,− ethers, and silanes − have been attached as well.…”

Optimizing Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel for a Supercapacitor

“…The production of rGO requires the reduction of graphene oxide (GO), which is conventionally achieved by a strong reducing agent such as hydrazine. The hazardous nature of hydrazine prompts the usage of green chemicals such as l -ascorbic acid, and it is proven that the reduction efficacy of l -ascorbic acid is comparable to hydrazine reduced GO or hydrothermal reduced GO. , The rGO in an aerogel form has been proposed as the supercapacitor electrode due to its high surface area and porosity that enable the easy access of electrolyte ions. , Various approaches have been adopted to enhance rGO aerogel as a supercapacitor electrode, such as aerogel composite formation with metal oxides/polymers, functionalization of rGO, and heteroatom doping in rGO aerogel. − The strategy of doping heteroatoms such as nitrogen, sulfur, or boron in rGO aims to improve the electrical properties as well as contribute to the supercapacitor performance via pseudocapacitive heteroatoms. − The modification of rGO by adding metal oxides such as SnO 2 and W 18 O 49 , functionalization of rGO with fluorophenylene group or phosphorus, and rGO composite formation with PEDOT:PSS or MnO 2 are proven to improve the supercapacitor performance by enhancing the electrolyte transport and creating additional electrochemical active sites for charge storage. − ,− However, these strategies require multiple steps and often demand additional chemicals to be added in the process. Thus, it is important to study the intrinsic properties of rGO in the aerogel formation.…”

Au-assisted polymerization of conductive poly(N-phenylglycine) as high-performance positive electrodes for asymmetric supercapacitors

“…Typically, according to the energy storage mechanism, the electrodes could be classified into electrochemical double layer capacitive, pseudocapacitive and battery-like electrodes [22][23][24][25][26]. Among all the electrode materials, carbon-based materials, as typical electrochemical double layer capacitive electrodes depending on non-faradaic charge storage accumulation process, have been extensively investigated such as activated carbon (AC) [27][28][29], graphene [30,31], carbon nanotubes [32][33][34] etc. On the contrary, pseudocapacitive and battery-like electrodes store energy based on the reversible faradaic reactions occurring at/or near a solid-electrode surface.…”