As práticas humanizadas desenvolvidas por enfermeiras obstétricas na assistência ao parto hospitalar

Abstract

O presente estudo tem como temática as práticas incorporadas e desenvolvidas por enfermeiras mediante a implantação do modelo humanizado de assistência ao parto. Tem como objetivo discutir as práticas incorporadas e desenvolvidas por enfermeiras desde a implantação do modelo humanizado de assistência ao parto. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado em duas maternidades municipais do Rio de Janeiro, no período de fevereiro a abril de 2008. Os sujeitos foram 10 enfermeiras obstétricas. A coleta das informações foi realizada por meio da entrevista semi-estruturada. Diante dos depoimentos identificamos as unidades de registro e nomeamos os temas que foram agrupados em conjuntos maiores por afinidade de significação. Desta forma, evidenciamos as categorias. Os resultados apontaram que as práticas incorporadas pelas enfermeiras que assistem ao parto hospitalar no contexto da humanização foram referentes ao banho de aspersão, a orientação para uma respiração tranqüila, a valorização da liberdade de movimentos, o estabelecimento de vínculo entre enfermeira-parturiente, a presença do acompanhante e o emprego do toque físico. Concluímos que apesar das condições adversas, as enfermeiras estão seguindo os princípios e diretrizes da Organização Mundial de Saúde e do Ministério da Saúde em sua pratica hospitalar de assistência ao parto. Descritores: Cuidados de enfermagem; Enfermagem obstétrica; Parto humanizado; Saúde da mulher.

Perception of the nursing team about the pain of the parturient: perspectives for care

“…Therefore, the provision of non-pharmacological methods for delivery pain relief, the measures of comfort, preserving privacy, guidelines and explanations about what is going must be provided by professionals who monitor the parturient (6) . This action can provide women tranquility and participation in her delivery.…”

“…It is noticed that, in the delivery process, there is the need for health professionals to rethink their practice, changing postures and paradigms to identify the maternal feelings (15) . Thus, professionals, to assist the parturient, need to understand the different situations of pain, attend their individual needs, with active participation and choice, seeing a model that can lead to an effective humanization of childbirth (6,17) .…”

“…To support the pregnant woman during the prenatal (18) , especially in the first pregnancy, the Ministry of Health recommends that assistance, and to promote all the care and obstetric procedures aimed at preserving the health of the pregnant woman and the concepts, it should also include educational health activities, individual or group, to encourage the woman to prepare the childbirth and postpartum (6,15) . This shows the important role of health professionals in the implementation of health education actions during prenatal care, for the preparation for delivery.…”

“…Humanization care provided to women during the delivery process is synonymous to understand the woman and her family as individuals, considering their specific needs. This care goes beyond the biological issues, covering the social, ethical, educational and psychological circumstances present in human relationships (1,6) .…”

A assistência obstétrica ao parto e nascimento na percepção das mulheres

“…12):5402-16, Dec., 2017 5403 ISSN: 1981-8963 ISSN: 1981 https://doi.org /10.5205/1981-8963-v11i12a22795p5402-5416-2017 In a worldly context, in the 1980s, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and the World Health Organization's Regional Offices of Europe and the Americas promoted a broad discussion so that a consensus was reached on appropriate technologies of care prenatal care, childbirth and birth based on scientific research and the sexual and reproductive rights of women. 1 Since the rise of the Prenatal Humanization Program and the Birth of the National Policy for Integral Attention to Women's Health, and the National Pact for the Reduction of Maternal and Neonatal Mortality and the strategy of the Stork Network, several health actions have been directed at these segments of the population more systematically through SUS, as part of intergovernmental efforts to reduce maternal and infant indicators. 2 Throughout history, with the transition between home birth and hospital delivery, the biomedical model of obstetric care began to take effect.…”