Aspirin promotes osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells

Abstract

Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) possess self-renewal and osteogenic differentiation properties, and have been used for orofacial bone regeneration and periodontal treatment. Aspirin has been demonstrated to enhance the regeneration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); however, the impact of aspirin on the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs remains unknown. In the present study, hDPSCs were characterized by flow cytometry, while their clonogenic potential and multipotency were assessed using alizarin red, Oil red O and alcian blue staining. The effect of aspirin on hDPSC viability was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Osteogenic capacity was examined by alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red staining, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Furthermore, in vivo cranial defects were established in Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate the effect of aspirin on hDPSC-based bone regeneration. Anorganic bovine bone was used as a bone replacement material and as the carrier for hDPSCs. New bone formation was observed through radiographic and histological analysis. The study demonstrated that hDPSCs expressed MSC markers and possessed multipotency in vitro. Aspirin was non-toxic to hDPSCs at a concentration of ≤100 μg/ml and enhanced the osteogenesis of hDPSCs in vitro. Aspirin significantly increased hDPSC-based bone formation in the rat cranial defect model at 8 or 12 weeks post-implantation (P<0.05). The data suggested that aspirin promotes the osteogenic potential of hDPSCs in vitro and in vivo. Overall, the present study indicated that aspirin improves the bone regeneration capacity of hDPSCs.

Dual Functional Monocytes Modulate Bactericidal and Anti‐Inflammation Process for Severe Osteomyelitis Treatment

“…The IHC staining of CD146 and Runx2 showed that the AsMon treatment could recruit more mesenchymal stem cells and the releasing of aspirin promoted the osteoblast differentiation (Figure S9, Supporting Information). After 4 weeks, the AsMon‐treated group represented to have the best osteogenic effect with complete cortex formation and increased bone density (Figure h,i and Figure S10 (Supporting Information)), which might be attributed to the anti‐inflammatory ability and osteogenesis potential of aspirin released after the bactericidal phase . Above all, these results further proved that AsMon exhibited a great advantage in the treatment of osteomyelitis.…”

Epigenetic Regulation of Dental Pulp Stem Cell Fate

“…The osteo/odontogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs is the most widely reported. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that DPSCs are able to differentiate into osteo/odontoblasts and form bone and dentin tissues [ 65 – 67 ]. When DPSCs are cultured in osteo/odontogenic induction medium, a group of proteins related to mineralization tissues are upregulated.…”

Aspirin promotes tenogenic differentiation of tendon stem cells and facilitates tendinopathy healing through regulating the GDF7/Smad1/5 signaling pathway

“…Hao, Shi, Zhou, Wang, and Nie () showed that aspirin could enhance cardiomyocyte differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Yuan et al () demonstrated that aspirin could promote osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. Interestingly, S. Chen et al () have reported that IL‐6 inhibited tenogenic differentiation via the JAK/STAT‐3 signaling pathway in TSCs, and our previous study has shown that aspirin significantly inhibited expression of IL‐6 (Wang, He, et al, ).…”

“…Hao, Shi, Zhou, Wang, and Nie (2018) showed that aspirin could enhance cardiomyocyte differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Yuan et al (2018) demonstrated that aspirin could promote osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells.…”