Assessing acute and chronic copper risks to freshwater aquatic life using species sensitivity distributions for different taxonomic groups

Brix, Kevin V.; DeForest, David K.; Adams, William J.

doi:10.1002/etc.5620200831

Cited by 112 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 86 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As seen in Figure 2, the ecological risks were moderate for crustaceans and insects in all of the study bays, while they were low for fish and negligible for phytoplankton. These results are in accordance with those of previous studies that showed that crustaceans and insects are more vulnerable to the OCPs than algae (Brix et al 2001;Steen et al 1999). This may be explained by the fact that the detected OCPs were insecticides that primarily act on the nervous system of organisms by interdicting the neuron conduction procedure.…”

Section: Ecological Risk Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 93%

Ecological Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Surface Waters of Lake Taihu, China

Guo

et al. 2012

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The residues of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in surface waters from Meiliang Bay, Gonghu Bay, and Xukou Bay of Lake Taihu, China, were investigated, and their ecological risks were assessed using the risk quotient method and probabilistic risk assessment. Environmental concentrations of OCPs in surface water of these bays were relatively lower compared with other rivers or lakes in China. Calculation of risk quotient associated with taxonomic groups indicates moderate ecological risks from OCPs for crustaceans and insects in these bays, while the ecological risks were low for fish and negligible for phytoplankton. The ecological risk quotients associated with individual OCPs were lower than 0.01 in these bays, suggesting a negligible risk to aquatic organisms. Ecological risk from α-HCH was relatively lower compared with DDTs, endosulfans, and γ -HCH. The combined ecological risks were evaluated using probabilistic risk assessment for only eight OCPs owing to a lack of available toxicity data for β-HCH and δ-HCH. The percentage of species with the potential to be at risk from mixture of OCPs was lower than the criteria of 5% in each bay, indicating that the combined ecological risks were acceptable.

show abstract

Section: Ecological Risk Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 93%

Ecological Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Surface Waters of Lake Taihu, China

Guo

et al. 2012

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For practical reasons, risk assessment procedures commonly assume that this constant ACR exists. For a given compound, the ACR can be calculated based on the available EC50 and NOEC data (59). A generic value of 10 is often used (16,60).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Including Mixtures in the Determination of Water Quality Criteria for Herbicides in Surface Water

Chèvre

Loepfe

Singer

et al. 2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Monitoring programs throughout America and Europe have demonstrated the common occurrence of herbicides in surface water. Nevertheless, mixtures are rarely taken into account in water quality regulation. Taking mixtures into account is only feasible if the water quality criteria (WQC) of the single compounds are derived by a common and consistent methodology, which overcomes differences in data quality without settling on the lowest common denominator but making best use of all available data. In this paper, we present a method of defining a risk quotient for mixtures of herbicides with a similar mode of action (RQ m ). Consistent and comparable WQC are defined for single herbicides as a basis for the calculation of the RQ m . Derived from the concentration addition model, the RQ m can be expressed as the sum of the ratios of the measured environmental concentration and the WQC for each herbicide. The RQ m should be less than one to ensure an acceptable risk to aquatic life. This approach has the advantage of being easy to calculate and communicate, and is proposed as a replacement for the current limit of 0.1 µg/L for herbicides in Switzerland. We illustrate the proposed approach on the example of five commonly applied herbicides (atrazine, simazine, terbuthylazine, isoproturon, and diuron). Their risk profile, i.e., the RQ m as a function of time for one exemplary river, clearly shows that the single compounds rarely exceeded their individual WQC. However, the contribution of peaks of different seasonally applied herbicides, whose application periods partially overlap, together with the continuously emitted herbicides from nonagricultural use, results in the exceedance of the RQ m threshold value of one upon several occasions. IntroductionPesticides, including herbicides, differ from most industrial organic compounds in being introduced into the environment with the explicit intention of exerting effects on one or more target organisms. Unfortunately, they do not exert their toxic action only where they are applied, but can, through persistence and transport, reach other compartments of the ecosystem. Monitoring programs throughout North America and Europe have demonstrated the widespread presence of pesticides in various freshwater bodies (1-6). Over the past decade, as public concern has focused on the possible impacts of pesticides on the environment, several European and North American countries (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) have defined specific water quality criteria (WQC) for each pesticide in surface waters. Within the EU, these WQC are often equivalent to the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC), which aims to ensure the overall protection of aquatic life (9,12,14). This parameter is usually estimated by finding the lowest reliable aquatic effect concentration and applying a safety factor to account for various uncertainties, such as interspecies differences in sensitivity, acute-to-chronic ratios, and laboratory-to-field extrapolations (for review see refs 15-17). The drawback of this approach is...

show abstract

“…21 Use of ACRs has been criticized, since average ACRs can be inadequate for extrapolation from acute to chronic values. 27,28 In addition, USEPA developed the CCC for NP mostly based on survival and growth, since no information was available for effects on reproduction. Sensitivity of taxa was greater when reproduction was used as the measurement endpoint.…”

Section: Predicted No Effect Concentrations Of Npmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23−26 In some cases, average ACRs might be inadequate to extrapolate accurately from acute to chronic value. 27,28 In the EU risk assessment report on nonylphenol of 2001 a no observable effects concentration (NOEC) of 0.33 μg/L was derived, based on the endocrine disruptive potential of NP on fresh water fish. 29 Lin et al suggested that PNEC values of 4-NP ranging between 0.82 and 2.10 μg/L affect medaka population growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Risk of Nonylphenol in China Surface Waters Based on Reproductive Fitness

Jin

Wang

Jin³

et al. 2013

Environ. Sci. Technol.

140

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has been recognized that ecological risk assessment based on traditional endpoints of toxicity are unable to provide adequate protection because some chemicals may affect reproductive fitness of aquatic organisms at much lower concentrations. In this paper, predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs) for 4-nonylphenol (NP) were derived based either on endpoints of survival, development, and growth or on some nonlethal biomarkers of reproduction, biochemical and molecular biology data. The PNECs derived from reproductive lesion ranged from 0.12 to 0.60 μg NP L −1 , which was significantly lower than those derived from other endpoints. An assessment of ecological risks posed by NP to aquatic organisms in surface waters of China was conducted based on concentration levels of NP in 16 surface waters of 4 major river basins and PNECs derived from reproductive fitness by a tiered ecological risk assessment (ERA). The results showed that 14.2% and 76.5% of surface waters in China may have ecological risks resulting from reproductive fitness if the thresholds of protection for aquatic organisms were set up as 5% (HC5) and 1% (HC1), respectively. The risks were significantly greatest in the Yangtze River Basin than in other major river basins. In comparison with the risks assessed based on traditional endpoints, such as lethality, for those chemicals causing adverse effects on reproduction due to modulation of endocrine function, to be protective of ecosystem structure and function, lesser PNECs, based on sublethal effects of reproduction, were appropriate.

show abstract

Assessing acute and chronic copper risks to freshwater aquatic life using species sensitivity distributions for different taxonomic groups

Cited by 112 publications

References 86 publications

Ecological Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Surface Waters of Lake Taihu, China

Ecological Risk Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in Surface Waters of Lake Taihu, China

Including Mixtures in the Determination of Water Quality Criteria for Herbicides in Surface Water

Ecological Risk of Nonylphenol in China Surface Waters Based on Reproductive Fitness

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About