Assessing electron emission induced by pulsed ion beams: A time-of-flight approach

Simultaneous assessment of energy, charge state and angular distribution for medium energy ions interacting with ultra-thin self-supporting targets: A time-of-flight approach

“…the apparent similarity of neutralization in materials with such different properties as graphene and MoS2 [13]. The combination of the time-of-flight approach and use of large detectors allows for the emission products to be studied in coincidence with the ions [14], and can thus provide a better understanding of the effects of electron dynamics observable in ion-solid interactions [15]. Also from an applied perspective, studying charge exchange processes in the medium energy regime, in particular for more conventional ions, such as He or Ne, has recently gained additional relevance: in the emerging field of ion microscopy the projectile charge affects the detected secondary electron yields and, simultaneously, trajectory dependent energy loss in crystals allows for contrast in imaging [16,17].…”

“…Hence, the unit permits for fine inline adjustment when used for charge fraction measurement and can be rotated away without the need to break the vacuum, e.g. for alignment of single crystalline target materials or coincidence measurements [6,14]. A 3D model of the apparatus with schematic diagram of the experimental setup is shown in Fig.…”

“…On the otherwise grounded apparatus, one of the deflection plates is biased through the external voltage source maintaining a field up to 500 V/mm. Carbon foils with nominal thicknesses of 25 nm and 50 nm were stretched over holes in a metal carrier by the floating method described elsewhere [36] and attached to the goniometer. We have not carried out an independent measurement of foil thickness since only the knowledge of the final ion energy is relevant.…”

Role of plasmons in the LISA test-mass charging process

“…Plasmon decay allows for the emission of low-energy electrons, as a second order process. Lohmann et al [19] have recently studied the kinetic energy of electrons generated by the impact of ions on carbon and gold foils. These authors have shown that for incident, low-velocity ions (≈0.5 a.u.)…”

“…In order to justify these observations, a mechanism involving collective electron oscillations was considered. In particular, a contribution to the emitted electron sample from plasmon decay appeared to be the most likely possibility [19]. In [20] plasmon decay and emission of secondary electrons were studied in aluminum.…”