Assessing the consequences and economic impact of retained placenta in Holstein dairy cattle

Mahnani, Abolfazl; Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi, A.; Mahyari, Saeid Ansari; Ghorbani, G.R.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.08.036

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It is so critical that it is likely to determine how poorly the cow will perform during the lactation. The cost due to retained placenta has been estimated up to $481 and has been mainly associated with reduction in milk production [ 44 ]. In other words, financial consequences associated with placenta retention should be added to those pregnancy loss noted above.…”

Section: Retained Placentamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Uterus as an Influencing Factor for Late Embryo/Early Fetal Loss—A Clinical Update

Szelényi

Kovács

Szenci

et al. 2022

Animals

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Here we revise circumstances of non-infectious causes in which the uterus may be associated with pregnancy loss during the late embryo/early fetal period (following a positive pregnancy diagnosis in lactating dairy cows). As the uterine size increases with parity and pregnant heifers with no detrimental effects of a previous parturition, a primigravid uterus is proposed as a reference for identifying risk factors that negatively influence pregnancy in lactating cows. Cows suffering placenta retention or with a large uterus at insemination were selected as topics for this revision. Retained placenta, that occurs around parturition, has a long-lasting influence on subsequent pregnancy loss. Although retained placenta is a particularly predisposing factor for uterine infection, farm conditions along with cow factors of non-infectious cause and their interactions have been identified as main factors favoring this disorder. A large uterus (cervix and uterine horns lying outside the pelvic cavity) with no detectable abnormalities has been associated with low fertility and with a greater incidence of pregnancy loss. A large reproductive tract may well derive from an inadequate uterine involution. Therefore, peripartum management and strategies to reduce the incidence of uterine disorders should reduce their associated financial losses in the herds.

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Section: Retained Placentamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Uterus as an Influencing Factor for Late Embryo/Early Fetal Loss—A Clinical Update

Szelényi

Kovács

Szenci

et al. 2022

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 2014 ; Gohary and LeBlanc 2018 ; Mahnani et al. 2021a ). Moreover, RP could increase the delay in uterine involution, ovarian cystic degeneration, chronic endometritis, and pyometra.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, RP occurrence, despite effective treatment, considerably increases the risk of production and reproductive dysfunction in dairy cows (Risco and Hernandez 2003 ; Mahnani et al. 2021a ). Therefore, early-warning diagnosis and early prevention have gradually become important means to effectively manage RP in dairy cows and alleviate losses associated with RP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential prognostic markers of retained placenta in dairy cows identified by plasma metabolomics coupled with clinical laboratory indicators

Wen

Yang

et al. 2022

Veterinary Quarterly

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The complex etiopathology of retained placenta (RP) and hazards associated with it has made it crucial for researchers and clinical veterinarians to study pathogenesis, early-warning diagnosis, and treatment. This study aimed to screen the potential prognostic markers of RP in dairy cows using plasma metabolomics coupled with clinical laboratory indicators. Blood samples were collected from 260 dairy cows at 21, 14, 7, and 0 days before parturition and 7, 14, and 21 days after parturition. Consequently, 10 healthy cows and 10 cows with RP with similar parity, body condition score, and age were included in the study. The changes in clinical laboratory indicators of the enrolled cows from 21 before parturition to 21 days after parturition were assessed. After initial overview of the multivariate statistical data using PCA analysis, the data were subjected to orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis. Compared with cows with RP at 7 days before parturition, the levels of endothelin and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α were increased in healthy cows, while the level of estradiol and progesterone decreased. Adenine dinucleotide phosphate, hypoxanthine, guanine dinucleotide phosphate, inosine monophosphate, and L-arginine were revealed as potential prognostic markers of cows with RP at 7 days before parturition involved in the regulation of taste transduction, purine and glutathione metabolism, and autophagy. The best period for the early-warning diagnosis of RP in dairy cows is 7 days before parturition, and purine metabolism and autophagy may play a vital role in the occurrence and development of RP in dairy cows.

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“…Retained placenta (RP) is a prevalent disorder in cattle with many negative health- and reproduction-related implications for the cow and economic losses for the farms [ 1 – 3 ]. The incidence of RP can range from 1.3 to 39.2% in different herds [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retained placenta correlates with reduced uterine chemotaxis and immunity and potentially affects uterine involution [ 2 , 5 – 7 ]. This disorder is also associated with decreased milk yield, delayed return to heat after calving, increased days open and number of inseminations and reduced conception rate [ 2 , 3 ]. The central sites of problem in the occurrence of RP are placentomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression profile of placentomes and clinical parameters in the cows with retained placenta

et al. 2022

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Background Retained placenta (RP) is a prevalent disorder in cattle with many health-related and economic costs for the farm owners. Its etiology has not been clarified yet and there is no definite therapy for this disorder. In this study we conducted RNA-seq, hematologic and histologic experiments to survey the causes of RP development. Methods Blood samples were collected from 4 RP and 3 healthy cows during periparturtion period for hematological assessments followed by placentome sampling within 30 min after parturition. Cows were grouped as RP and control in case the placenta was retained or otherwise expelled, respectively. Total RNA was extracted from placentome samples followed by RNA-sequencing. Results We showed 240 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the RP and control groups. Enrichment analyzes indicated immune system and lipid metabolism as prominent over- and under-represented pathways in RP cows, respectively. Hormonal assessments showed that estradiol-17β (E2) was lower and cortisol tended to be higher in RP cows compared to controls at the day of parturition. Furthermore, histologic experiment showed that villi-crypt junctions remain tighter in RP cows compared to controls and the crypts layer seemed thicker in the placentome of RP cows. Complete blood cell (CBC) parameters were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion Overall, DEGs derived from expression profiling and these genes contributed to enrichment of immune and lipid metabolism pathways. We suggested that E2 could be involved in development of RP and the concentrations of P4 and CBC counts periparturition might not be a determining factor.

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Assessing the consequences and economic impact of retained placenta in Holstein dairy cattle

Cited by 19 publications

References 36 publications

The Uterus as an Influencing Factor for Late Embryo/Early Fetal Loss—A Clinical Update

The Uterus as an Influencing Factor for Late Embryo/Early Fetal Loss—A Clinical Update

Potential prognostic markers of retained placenta in dairy cows identified by plasma metabolomics coupled with clinical laboratory indicators

Gene expression profile of placentomes and clinical parameters in the cows with retained placenta

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