Assessing the distribution of a species‐rich group in a continental‐sized megadiverse country: Bats in Brazil

Delgado‐Jaramillo, Mariana; Aguiar, Ludmilla M. S.; Machado, Ricardo Bomfim; Bernard, Enrico

doi:10.1111/ddi.13043

Cited by 57 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…, a pattern reflected in our study. Phyllostomidae bats are most commonly captured in the understory with mist nets, the country's most-used capturing method (Delgado-Jaramillo et al 2020). Families such as Molossidae and Vespertilionidae are also diverse, but they demand complementary methods to be registered (e.g., bioacoustics inventory), which is still rarely used in Brazil.…”

Section: Chiropteramentioning

confidence: 99%

Checklist of mammals from Goiás, central Brazil

Hannibal¹,

Zortéa²,

Calaça³

et al. 2021

Biota Neotrop.

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The state of Goiás, in central Brazil, is covered mainly by the Cerrado domain, with the Alto Paraná Atlantic Forest occupying its central-southern portion. Goiás is one of the 20 Brazilian federative units without a mammal checklist. In this study, we provide the first checklist of mammals from Goiás state. We recorded mammal species based primarily on the analysis of specimens housed in scientific collections as well as on literature with associated voucher material. We listed 191 mammalian species belonging to 125 genera, 31 families and 10 orders, which represents 25.2% of the mammal species occurring in Brazil. The most speciose orders were Chiroptera (90 spp.), followed by Rodentia (43 spp.), Carnivora (19 spp.) and Didelphimorphia (17 spp.). The following orders accounted for a smaller portion of the state diversity: Cetartiodactyla (7 spp.), Cingulata (7 spp.), Primates (4 spp.), Pilosa (2 spp.), Lagomorpha (1 sp.), and Perissodactyla (1 sp.). A total of 28 species (14.7%), mainly represented by medium and large-sized mammals, are nationally threatened while 12 (6.3%) are globally threatened. Our results indicate great portions of the state lacking a proper survey of mammals, especially the northwestern portion. We discuss species richness, distribution and conservation status of the mammals of Goiás state in national and regional scenarios. We highlight the need for mammal inventories based on complementary survey techniques with the collection of vouchers in order to provide karyologic, molecular, morphologic, parasitologic, and ecological data. These informations are the basis for integrative studies that lead to the understanding of current mammalian richness and diversity. Indeed, knowledge on species richness distribution in the state will guide conservation strategies, especially in areas undergoing habitat loss and fragmentation, such as the central-southern portion of Goiás.

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Section: Chiropteramentioning

confidence: 99%

Checklist of mammals from Goiás, central Brazil

Hannibal¹,

Zortéa²,

Calaça³

et al. 2021

Biota Neotrop.

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“…For species with conspicuous vocalizations—like most bat families—the acoustical samplings we employed showed the potential to better refine SDMs in large and under-sampled regions, with relatively low sampling effort. This is quite useful in tropical areas, usually rich in bat species, but frequently understudied [ 55 , 56 ]. Using bioacoustics as a validation method, we also demonstrated that a careful decision on the modelling parameters and thresholds used is pivotal since, depending on the combination, they can produce very different outputs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioacoustics for in situ validation of species distribution modelling: An example with bats in Brazil

2021

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Species distribution modelling (SDM) gained importance on biodiversity distribution and conservation studies worldwide, including prioritizing areas for public policies and international treaties. Useful for large-scale approaches and species distribution estimates, it is a plus considering that a minor fraction of the planet is adequately sampled. However, minimizing errors is challenging, but essential, considering the uses and consequences of such models. In situ validation of the SDM outputs should be a key-step—in some cases, urgent. Bioacoustics can be used to validate and refine those outputs, especially if the focal species’ vocalizations are conspicuous and species-specific. This is the case of echolocating bats. Here, we used extensive acoustic monitoring (>120 validation points over an area of >758,000 km2, and producing >300,000 sound files) to validate MaxEnt outputs for six neotropical bat species in a poorly-sampled region of Brazil. Based on in situ validation, we evaluated four threshold-dependent theoretical evaluation metrics’ ability in predicting models’ performance. We also assessed the performance of three widely used thresholds to convert continuous SDMs into presence/absence maps. We demonstrated that MaxEnt produces very different outputs, requiring a careful choice on thresholds and modeling parameters. Although all theoretical evaluation metrics studied were positively correlated with accuracy, we empirically demonstrated that metrics based on specificity-sensitivity and sensitivity-precision are better for testing models, considering that most SDMs are based on unbalanced data. Without independent field validation, we found that using an arbitrary threshold for modelling can be a precarious approach with many possible outcomes, even after getting good evaluation scores. Bioacoustics proved to be important for validating SDMs for the six bat species analyzed, allowing a better refinement of SDMs in large and under-sampled regions, with relatively low sampling effort. Regardless of the species assessing method used, our research highlighted the vital necessity of in situ validation for SDMs.

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“…Until recently, this species was lumped with Lonchophylla bokermanni, but a morphological analysis revealed the existence of two species, with Atlantic Forest populations reassigned to Lonchophylla peracchii (Dias et al 2013, Cláudio et al 2018. This is the one of the Atlantic Forest endemic bat species, among Eptesicus taddeii, Histiotus alienus, Lasiurus ebenus and Myotis levis (Delgado-Jaramillo et al 2020). While Lonchophylla peracchii is classified as Least Concern by the IUCN (Solari 2017), it is considered as Data Deficient in the last assessment of the state of Espírito Santo fauna (Costa et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bats play an important ecological role in their ecosystems, especially in pollination and seed dispersal, feeding on fruits, insects, nectar, and other vertebrates as well as blood (Fenton et al 1992). Of the 181 species recorded in Brazil (Delgado-Jaramillo et al 2020;Garbino et al 2020), 83 are known to occur in the state of Espírito Santo (Vela-Ulian et al in press).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bat assemblage at a high diversity locality in the Atlantic Forest

Hoppe¹,

Ventorin²,

Antonio³

et al. 2020

NBC

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The Estação Biológica Santa Lúcia (EBSL) is one of the oldest reserves in Brazil, used as a research site since 1939 by the naturalist Augusto Ruschi. It is an Atlantic Forest fragment, and its fauna and flora have been studied throughout the years. However, its chiropteran fauna remains virtually unknown. Here, we aim to provide a bat species list for EBSL. We installed mist-nets over 19 nights from mid-2009 to mid-2010, with a sampling effort of 20 875.5 m2.h. We captured 204 specimens, from two families and 22 species. Ecological analysis reveals a medium to high diversity, heavily dominated by frugivorous species. The collector’s curve and the estimative of species richness suggests that the chiropteran fauna at EBSL remains partially unknown, and we encourage further inventories.

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Assessing the distribution of a species‐rich group in a continental‐sized megadiverse country: Bats in Brazil

Cited by 57 publications

References 90 publications

Checklist of mammals from Goiás, central Brazil

Checklist of mammals from Goiás, central Brazil

Bioacoustics for in situ validation of species distribution modelling: An example with bats in Brazil

Bat assemblage at a high diversity locality in the Atlantic Forest

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