Assessing the dog as a model for human total hip replacement: Analysis of 38 postmortem‐retrieved canine cemented acetabular components

Abstract

Thirty-eight cemented acetabular components that had been clinically implanted in client-owned dogs were retrieved postmortem and analyzed for mechanical stability, volumetric wear, and articular surface damage. Comparison of the results from this study with similar studies on autopsy-retrieved human components will provide insight into the adequacy of the dog as a model for human total hip replacement (THR). The canine average volumetric wear rate (6.7 +/- 4.2 mm(3) per year) was an order of magnitude lower than similar studies of human components; however, articular surface damage was considerably different from, and more severe than, that reported in the literature for human acetabular components. The incidence of mechanical loosening of the canine acetabular component was high, with 20 of 38 (52.6%) testing as loose. There was a positive correlation between articular surface damage and mechanical loosening of the acetabular component, but there was no significant correlation between volumetric wear and mechanical loosening, as seen in human retrieval studies. Initial failure events for the canine acetabular component appear to be mechanical in nature. Differences between human and canine acetabular components with regard to wear volume, articular surface damage, and mechanical loosening need to be taken into account when one is designing studies using dogs as the animal model for human THR.

Tissue engineered bone using select growth factors: A comprehensive review of animal studies and clinical translation studies in man

“…In vivo paracrine and autocrine signalling cascades leading to bone formation are complex and rely on strict spatiotemporal interplay between select growth factors. Teasing apart the individual roles that each growth factor plays within bone development and healing systems is of the highest (Aerssens et al, 1998;Kimmel and Jee, 1982;Neyt et al, 1998;Pearce et al, 2007;Skurla and James, 2005) (Aerssens et al, 1998;Mosekilde et al, 1993;Pearce et al, 2007;Thorwarth et al, 2005) Primates (Aerssens et al, 1998;Newman et al, 1995;Pearce et al, 2007;Ravaglioli et al, 1996) (Castaneda et al, 2006;Liebschner, 2004;Pearce et al, 2007) (Aerssens et al, 1998;Gomes and Fernandes, 2010;Liebschner, 2004;O'Loughlin et al, 2008) Table 4. Organic, inorganic and synthetic materials for orthopaedic applications in vivo.…”

Three‐dimensional laser micrometry characterization of surface wear in total hip arthroplasty

“…Figure 12 reveals a missing section of the surface near 12 o'clock for each canine liner. Canine components are manufactured with a dorsal cutout in this location that complicates volumetric analysis 44. As in previous studies,23 the initial radii to which the worn liners were compared were assessed from the unworn regions.…”

“…The study by Skurla and James of 38 retrieved canine UHMWPE liners44 found significant positive correlation between total volumetric wear, and both articulating surface damage score and implant duration. They measured volumetric wear by the oil drop method, arguably the best technique for retrieval studies with no initial state control.…”

Concentrations of manganese, iron, and strontium in bones of thedomestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris)

“…The domestic dog is one such long-lived mammal that is used as a model in orthopedic and dental studies (16). Changes in the skeletal system of canines occur both in young and old dogs, and osteoporotic changes or osteoarthritis are similar in nature to those observed in elderly humans (17). Mn and Fe belong to the group of essential elements.…”