Assessing the effects of initial soil characteristics, machine mass and traffic intensity on forest soil compaction

Ampoorter, Evy; Nevel, Lotte Van; Vos, Bruno De; Hermy, Martin; Verheyen, Kris

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2010.08.002

Cited by 125 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…However, Gayoso and Iroume (1991) stated that this may be a consequence of the problems that the skidder might face when logging in steep terrains. In this study there was not only compaction at all three depths but with increasing soil depth the compaction level also increased, which is in agreement with the results of other researchers (Cullen, 1991;Horn et al, 2004;Eliasson, 2005;Bolding et al, 2009;Ampoorter et al, 2010). This is related to the rather homogeneous weight distribution of the skidder on the flat skid trails.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of tree-length timber skidding on soil compaction in the skid trail in Hyrcanian forests

Jourgholami¹,

Majnounain

Abari³

2014

For. syst.

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Aim of study: The study was conducted to examine impact of skidding traffic, trail slope, traffic frequency, and soil depth on the soil bulk density.Area of study: This study was carried out in the Kheyrud Forest in Hyrcanian forest, Iran. Material and methods:The level of soil compaction at eight levels of traffic (1, 4, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 passes), four levels of skid trail slopes (0, 10, -10, and -20%) and three soil depth (5, 15, 25 cm) were applied in three replicates consequently. Bulk densities were measured on the undisturbed surface (control) and within the tracks. Timbers were extracted in the tree-length logging method using rubber-tired skidder (Timberjack 450 C).Main results: About 5.2% of total area of harvesting unit were disturbed and compacted. Uphill skidding increases compaction more than downhill skidding. In the four different slopes, the highest increasing of the bulk density was occurred during the first few passes of skidder, although the bulk density continued to increase in amount and depth with the number of passes. The increases in bulk density were still important at the maximum sampling depth of 20-30 cm.Research highlights: The results indicated that slope steepness had a strong effect on the soil physical properties and soil disturbance. Designated skid trails should be used to minimize the influence on the forest soil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of tree-length timber skidding on soil compaction in the skid trail in Hyrcanian forests

Jourgholami¹,

Majnounain

Abari³

2014

For. syst.

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“…Overall, the soil total porosity reduced in the layer 0.00-0.30 m in the different areas evaluated after mechanized harvest of pine, with greater intensity in the low-and highdisturbance areas, which changed to a depth of 0.60 m. Some studies that evaluated the effects of forest harvesting on soil physical properties also reported a pore volume decrease after the machines' traffic (Lopes et al, 2006;Silva et al, 2006;Ampoorter et al, 2010). These changes modified other physical attributes, since the biopores and macropores volume and aeration capacity were lower in the different areas at post-harvest to a depth of 0.30 m and in the high-disturbance areas, up to 0.60 m. Dirksen (1991) describes biopores as the soil cavities caused by the presence of earthworms and termites and development of roots within the soil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Pine Harvest Impact on Soil Structure of a Dystric Cambisol (Humic)

Costa

Albuquerque

Costa

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Traffic of heavy machinery at harvest and log extraction causes structural degradation of the soil, but studies on the effects of forest harvesting on soils with high organic matter content and exchangeable Al are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of mechanized forest harvesting operations on a Dystric Cambisol (Humic) with high organic matter (more 50 g kg 1 ) content and exchangeable Al (more), reforested with Pinus taeda L. The evaluated harvesting system were the whole-tree, in which the feller-buncher cuts and lays the trees down in bundles; the skidder drags the tree bundles up near a road; and the harvester delimbs and cuts the trees into short logs, stacking them on the roadside to be loaded onto trucks. The areas were evaluated for soil conditions at pre-harvest, prior to harvest, and at post-harvest, consisting of areas of low disturbance, high disturbance, forest residues and log yards. The effects of compaction after forest harvesting are observed by the decrease in total porosity (especially biopores and macropores), soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, and stability of aggregates. After forest harvesting, soil compaction was observed in all evaluated situations, but with different depths depending on operation type and the intensity of traffic carried in each area.

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“…According to Ampoorter et al (2010), clayey and clay-loamy soils are more vulnerable to damage than coarse-grained soils. The high susceptibility level for clayey type is not therefore surprising, as these soils are prone to compaction and leaching, which are the representative characteristics in high and very CART -classification and regression tree, RF -random forest high soil susceptibility sub-classes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and mapping of soil damage caused by harvesting in Caspian forests (Iran) using CART and RF data mining techniques

Shabani¹

2017

J. For. Sci.

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Shabani S. (2017): Modelling and mapping of soil damage caused by harvesting in Caspian forests (Iran) using CART and RF data mining techniques. J. For. Sci., Controlling the soil damage caused by forest harvesting has a key role in forest management due to its effect on forest dynamics and productivity, mainly through modifying the physical, mechanical, and hydrological context of soil. This study was conducted to evaluate the soil damage susceptibility in one of the Caspian forests, Iran. For this purpose, two data mining techniques including classification and regression tree (CART) and random forest (RF) were applied. A total of 224 soil damage locations were identified primarily from field surveys. Then, 10 conditioning variables were produced in GIS. For model performance, the outputs of the analyses were compared with the field-verified soil damage locations. Our results show that slope degree, soil type, and slope aspect had the highest weight on soil damage, in the order of their appurtenance. Additionally, according to the relative operating characteristics curve, RF is a more suitable prediction model for soil damage zoning compared to CART. In summary, the findings of this study suggest that soil damage susceptibility mapping is an effective technique for Caspian forests, Iran.

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Assessing the effects of initial soil characteristics, machine mass and traffic intensity on forest soil compaction

Cited by 125 publications

References 62 publications

Effects of tree-length timber skidding on soil compaction in the skid trail in Hyrcanian forests

Effects of tree-length timber skidding on soil compaction in the skid trail in Hyrcanian forests

Pine Harvest Impact on Soil Structure of a Dystric Cambisol (Humic)

Modelling and mapping of soil damage caused by harvesting in Caspian forests (Iran) using CART and RF data mining techniques

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