Assessing the impacts of roads in peri-urban reserves: Road-based fatalities and road usage by wildlife in the Royal National Park, New South Wales, Australia

Ramp, Daniel; Wilson, Vanessa; Croft, David B.

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2005.11.002

Cited by 131 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Recent work has shown that vertebrate populations living in or near urban environments are more frequently exposed to diseases (Riley et al, 2004; see also Schillaci et al, 2006), which could in turn increase human exposure to diseases (Fuentes, 2006. Urban vertebrate populations may also be more frequently exposed to road-based fatalities (Ramp et al, 2006), hunting pressures (Brashares et al, 2001;[Waite, 2007]), and exotic predators (Engeman et al, 2006). Further, when animal populations benefit from the availability of food and water resources found near urban centers, their population sizes may reach pest levels and human perceptions towards those animals may become negative (e.g., crows: Marzluff et al, 2001;primates: Hill, 2000primates: Hill, , 2002elephants: Sitati and Walpole, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sanctuary in the City: Urban Monkeys Buffered against Catastrophic Die-off during ENSO-related Drought

Waite

Chhangani²,

Campbell

et al. 2007

EcoHealth

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Large-scale climatic drivers such as El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) can overwhelm factors that ordinarily govern local population dynamics. We recently documented an ENSO-related die-off of mammals in the Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary (KWS), Rajasthan, India. This die-off coincided with the La Niña-induced drought of 2000, which followed two consecutive monsoon failures. Hanuman langurs suffered a population crash of nearly 50% from 1999 to 2001. A Multivariate ENSO Index explained 80% of the variability in population size during the time series, and predicted the mass mortality and/or recruitment failure associated with the major La Niña event spanning 1999. Here, we ask whether langurs in a large Rajasthani city, Jodhpur, were buffered against drought because humans provisioned them with food-for religious reasons.Unlike the KWS population, the Jodhpur population suffered no significant decline. In 2001, this urban population remained 95% as large as in 1999, before the drought. Variability in population size was also vastly reduced in Jodhpur. Thus, the impact of drought was dampened in a major urban area compared with an officially protected area. In this case, high human population density was not anathema for conservation.Wildlife sanctuaries in protected areas are undeniably important conservation tools, but our findings reinforce the notion that cities can serve as de facto sanctuaries for some species. This study provides some hope for biodiversity conservation in a rapidly urbanizing world, particularly for holy and commensal species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sanctuary in the City: Urban Monkeys Buffered against Catastrophic Die-off during ENSO-related Drought

Waite

Chhangani²,

Campbell

et al. 2007

EcoHealth

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“…This will be accomplished by determining and describing the location of road kill aggregations Ramp et al 2006), which tend to be linked to specific habitats and landscape types within the road vicinity (Forman and Alexander 1998;Caro et al 2000;Gomes et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing annual vertebrate road kills over two time periods, 9 years apart: a case study in Mediterranean farmland

Carvalho

Mira

2010

Eur J Wildl Res

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We surveyed road kills occurring along a 26-km stretch of a major national road (Portugal) in two different years: 1996 and 2005. For analysis purposes, we divided the data into seven vertebrate groups: amphibians, reptiles, carnivores, prey mammals (shrews, moles, rodents, rabbits and hares), hedgehogs, owls and passerines. Main factors influencing vertebrate road casualties were evaluated using redundancy analysis and variance partitioning techniques, focusing on three sets of variables: land cover, landscape metrics and spatial location. We also took into account meteorological conditions and changes in traffic intensity specific to each of the surveyed years. The percentage of variance explained by the explanatory variables was greater in 1996 (67.5%) than in 2005 (48.1%). Many variables influencing road kill incidence were common to both years. The most significantly associated factor was the distance to the Natural Park of Serra de São Mamede (NPSSM): road kills decreased steadily as our survey moved south, away from the NPSSM border. Moreover, an increased incidence of road losses occurred in forested areas, such as montado and traditional olive groves. As 2005 was a climatically drier year, additional variance factors became prominent, including the distance to water reservoirs, suggesting a greater influence of water availability. Traffic flow increased by almost 150% from 1996 to 2005, which may explain the overall increase in road kills, with the notable exception of the amphibian group, whose road fatalities incidences decreased approximately sixfold. We expect that our survey will provide a comprehensive understanding of the most critical factors currently influencing vertebrate road fatalities and aid in improving the effectiveness of mitigation measures to reduce them.

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“…In all of the deaths, the K function was obtained with ArcGIS Kernel Density Tools by being taken as a normal (Gaussian) function. Ramp et al (2005) and Gomes et al (2009) took the bandwidth as 500 m; Ramp et al (2006) took it as 300 m. To choose different bandwidths (250 m, 500 m, 750 m, 1000 m, 1250 m, 1500 m, 2000 m, 3000 m) the bandwidths were applied visually one by one. While kernel density maps were very sensitive at high bandwidths, they were less so at low bandwidths.…”

Section: Hotspot Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the hotspots of wildlife–vehicle collision on the Çankırı–Kırıkkale highway during summer

Özcan¹,

Özkazanç²

2017

Turk J Zool

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In this study, we identified hotspots of mammal-vehicle collisions that occurred on the Çankırı-Kırıkkale highway between May and October 2014. We collected 58 records from 6 species. Sixteen casualties occurred on the part of the road with low traffic volume (1818 vehicles/day) and 42 casualties occurred on the part with moderate traffic volume (4680 vehicles/day). The two species with the highest number of records were hedgehog Erinaceus concolor (n = 27) and red fox Vulpes vulpes (n = 21). Hotspots of mammalvehicle collisions were detected with the CrimeStat3 program using 750-m bandwidth. We identified two spots of high incidence of roadkill and 3 spots of moderate incidence of roadkill on the highway. Strategies to reduce the incidence of roadkill should be considered for these hotspots.

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Assessing the impacts of roads in peri-urban reserves: Road-based fatalities and road usage by wildlife in the Royal National Park, New South Wales, Australia

Cited by 131 publications

References 45 publications

Sanctuary in the City: Urban Monkeys Buffered against Catastrophic Die-off during ENSO-related Drought

Sanctuary in the City: Urban Monkeys Buffered against Catastrophic Die-off during ENSO-related Drought

Comparing annual vertebrate road kills over two time periods, 9 years apart: a case study in Mediterranean farmland

Identifying the hotspots of wildlife–vehicle collision on the Çankırı–Kırıkkale highway during summer

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