Assessing the Psychometric Properties of the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form in Mainland China

Fang, Ke; Pieterse, Alex L.; Friedlander, Myrna L.; Cao, Junhong

doi:10.1007/s10447-011-9137-1

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Chinese cultural values emphasize interdependence, humility, emotional restraint, avoidance of shame, concern for face, and preservation of family honor [ 13 , 14 ], thereby possibly inducing discomfort in disclosing personal information to health professionals. The Chinese generally prefer to keep personal matters within the family rather than share such issues with outsiders; thus, this attitude may shape their help-seeking behaviors [ 15 , 16 ]. The ability to understand the helping relationships among the Chinese population may illuminate potential strategies to improve their health outcomes [ 5 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the fear of intimacy with helping professionals scale

Lau

Chan²

2018

PLoS ONE

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ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the internal consistency, reliability, convergent validity, known-group comparisons, and structural validity of the Chinese version of Fear of Intimacy with Helping Professionals (C–FIS–HP) scale in Macau.MethodsA cross-sectional design was used on a sample of 593 older people in 6 health centers. We used Chinese version of Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale (C-ESCAS) and Morisky 4-item medication adherence scale to evaluate self-care actions and medication adherence. The internal consistency and reliability of C–FIS–HP were analyzed using the Spearman-Brown split-half reliability, Cronbach’s alpha, and test–retest reliability. Convergent validity was tested the construct of C–FIS–HP and self-care actions. Known-group comparisons differentiated predefined groups in an expected direction. Two separated samples were used to test the structural validity. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) tested the factor structure of C–FISHP using the principal axis factoring. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was further conducted to confirm the factor structure constructed in the prior EFA.ResultsThe C–FIS–HP had a Spearman-Brown split-half coefficient, Cronbach’s alpha, and intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.96, 0.93, and 0.96, respectively. Convergent validity was satisfactory with significantly correlations between the C-FIS-HP and C-ESCAS. C–FIS–HP to differentiate the differences between high-, moderate-, and low- medication adherence groups. EFA demonstrated a two-factor structure among 297 older people. A first-order CFA was performed to confirm the construct dimensionality of C–FIS–HP with satisfactory fit indices (NFI = 0.92; IFI = 0.95; TLI = 0.94; CFI = 0.95 and RMSEA = 0.07) among 296 older people.ConclusionsC–FIS–HP is a reliable and valid test for assessing helping relationships in older Chinese people. Health professionals can use C–FIS–HP as a clinical tool to assess the comfort level of patients in a helping relationship, and use this information to develop culturally sensitive therapeutic interventions and treatment plans. Further studies need to be conducted concerning the different psychometric properties, as well as the application of C–FIS–HP in various regions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the fear of intimacy with helping professionals scale

Lau

Chan²

2018

PLoS ONE

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“…Participant 6 explained that parents and teachers "just support[ed] you academically but not emotionally or mentally," suggesting a lack of understanding or awareness of mental health. This indicates that ATSPPH-SF and help-seeking attitudes in general may be affected by practical barriers particularly amongst Asian communities (Kung, 2004;Fang, Pieterse, Friedlander, & Cao, 2011), ranging from a lack of knowledge about the nature of counselling, lack of access to counselling services, to financial and language concerns.…”

Section: The Culture Of "Saving Face"mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some researchers found good internal consistency for a unidimensional measure (Ang et al, 2007), a two-factor model (Elhai et al, 2008), and a threefactor model (Picco et al, 2016) with two studies using Asian populations in Singapore (Ang et al, 2007;Picco et al, 2016). However, Fang, Pieterse, Friedlander, and Cao (2011) reported poor reliability coefficients for a Chinese population. This suggests some instability when using the measure on non-US participants as evidenced as well in Leach, Jana-Masri, and Priester's (2007) study on populations in Egypt.…”

Section: The Culture Of "Saving Face"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maladaptive Perfectionism, Disguised Distress, and Help Seeking in the Culture of “Saving Face”: Links to Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms among Asian Youth

Wong¹

2019

Preprint

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Research has found disguised distress to mediate the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and psychopathology. While disguised distress shares features with the tendency to protect one’s self-image, also known as “saving face” in Asian cultures, no study has explored these constructs in relation to each other. The present mixed methods study examines the roles that “saving face” culture and associated self-concealment, perfectionistic self presentation, and help-seeking attitudes have in the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and anxiety and depression among Asian youth. Two hundred and eleven Asian international students attending college in the US were administered the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Self-Concealment Scale, Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale, Consciousness of Social Face Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and Attitudes Towards Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale. Semi-structured interviews examining childhood and adolescent experiences growing up in Asia were conducted with a subset of ten students. Correlation, mediation, and moderation analyses were conducted, interviews were coded, and findings were merged. Desire to gain face, fear of losing face, self-concealment, and a preference to cope on one’s own were significant mediators and the first three variables were significant moderators in the link between perfectionism and distress. There were strong correlations between these constructs. Interview themes revealed an overarching concern over meeting expectations and saving face, and multi-faceted ways in which the need to be perfect manifested. The community as a complex support system and a growth-oriented mindset emerged as likely protective factors. Implications for mental health in Asia and the role of culture in psychological research are discussed.

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“…For instance, it has been suggested that norms about saving face and other cultural values reduce the likelihood of seeking help for psychological problems in China (Fang, Pieterse, Friedlander, & Cao, 2011). Contributing factors include concerns about stigma and self-stigma, and being raised in a culture that is less open about mental health issues.…”

Section: Factors That Contribute To Self-concealment and Perfectionismentioning

confidence: 99%

Disguised Distress in Children and Adolescents “Flying Under The Radar”

Flett

Hewitt

2013

Canadian Journal of School Psychology

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It is now recognized that there is a very high prevalence of psychological disorders among children and adolescents and relatively few receive psychological treatment. In the current article, we present the argument that levels of distress and dysfunction among young people are substantially underestimated and the prevalence of psychological problems is higher than realized because of a variety of factors. In particular, it is suggested that psychological problems are underestimated due, in part, to the presence of subthreshold conditions that do not meet diagnostic criteria yet involve substantial distress and impairment. In addition, we focus on a subset of children and adolescents who experience profound distress yet keep it hidden or disguised because of a personality style characterized by self-concealment and a tendency to engage in perfectionistic self-presentation. The characteristics of these students who are "flying under the radar" are described with a discussion of associated familial, cultural, and school factors that reduce the likelihood of these students ever seeking help. Given our premise that psychological problems are substantially underestimated, it is apparent that schools have a vitally important role in mental health promotion in terms of the need for proactive system-wide preventive interventions led by school mental health counsellors. Broad programs are needed to bolster levels of resilience and the willingness to seek help among all children and adolescents but especially among those students who would otherwise not be on anyone's radar screen.at UNIV OF NORTH DAKOTA on June 26, 2015 cjs.sagepub.com Downloaded from surtout parmi les étudiants qui ont besoin d'aide mais que c'est moins visible.

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Assessing the Psychometric Properties of the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale-Short Form in Mainland China

Cited by 22 publications

References 78 publications

Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the fear of intimacy with helping professionals scale

Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the fear of intimacy with helping professionals scale

Maladaptive Perfectionism, Disguised Distress, and Help Seeking in the Culture of “Saving Face”: Links to Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms among Asian Youth

Disguised Distress in Children and Adolescents “Flying Under The Radar”

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