Assessing traveler compliance with the social optimum: A stated preference study

Mariotte, Guilhem; Leclercq, Ludovic; Ramírez, Humberto González; Krug, Jean; Bécarie, Cécile

doi:10.1016/j.tbs.2020.12.005

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Providing citizens with more travel options, local shops and services with mixed land use can decrease car use [ 113 , 114 ]. Furthermore, information about their choices’ social costs can influence their travel decisions towards more socially efficient alternatives [ 71 , 92 ]. Still, changing mobility behaviours is challenging and might require interventions such as congestion charges, dynamic tolling, parking bans and removing free parking to reduce single-occupancy vehicle commutes, increase public transport use and promote active mobility [ 115 ].…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of public transport, headway regularity has a positive effect on the satisfaction of users [ 67 ]. Also, it has been found that the built environment (population density, mixed land use, wide sidewalks, aesthetics and the presence of public transport facilities) promotes walking [ 68 , 69 ], and that providing information to travellers on the social costs associated with the alternatives (travel time or greenhouse gas emissions), can influence their decisions towards a more social route or mode of transportation [ 70 , 71 ]. Other elements, such as limiting motorized vehicles in high-density areas of the cities, also promote the use of public transport [ 33 ].…”

Section: Modelling Car-based Mobility As a Collective Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A paradox of traffic and extra cars in a city as a collective behaviour

et al. 2021

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Promoting walking or cycling and reducing cars’ use is one of the city planners’ main targets, contributing to a sustainable transport method. Yet, the number of vehicles worldwide is increasing as fast as the population, and motorized mobility has become the primary transport method in most cities. Here, we consider modal share as an emergent behaviour of personal decisions. All individuals minimize their commuting time and reach an equilibrium under which no person is willing to change their transportation mode. In terms of the minimum travel time, the best-case scenario is used to determine the extra commuting time and the excess cars, computed as a social inefficiency. Results show that commuting times could increase up to 25% with many more vehicles than optimum. Paradoxically, all individuals trying to minimize their time could collectively reach the maximum commuting times in the extreme case, with all individuals driving during rush hour.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modelling Car-based Mobility As a Collective Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

A paradox of traffic and extra cars in a city as a collective behaviour

et al. 2021

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“…In terms of transport, many aspects promote a sustainable commute, including road pricing [37,84] and more travel options beyond cars, such as safer cycle lanes, accessible and efficient public transport and paths which encourage people to walk [85] will reduce the tragic outcome of a car-dominated city [18]. Also, new routing strategies that aim to reduce the social cost by considering negative externalities are being studied [86,87]. However, as long as driving is perceived as a better and faster commuting option than using the public transport, many people will eventually drive [88].…”

Section: Figure 4 |mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Ubiquitous Collective Tragedy in Transport

Curiel

Ramírez²,

Bishop³

2022

Front. Phys.

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A tragedy of the commons is said to occur when individuals act only in their own interest but, in so doing, create a collective state of a group that is less than optimal due to uncoordinated action. Here, we explore the individual decision-making processes of commuters using various forms of transport within a city, forming a modal share which is then built into a dynamical model using travel time as the key variable. From a randomised start in the distribution of the modal share, assuming that some individuals change their commuting method, favouring lower travel times, we show that a stable modal share is reached corresponding to an equilibrium in the model. Considering the average travel time for all commuters within the city, we show that an optimal result is achieved only if the direct and induced factors and the number of users are equal for all transport modes. For asymmetric factors, the equilibrium reached is always sub-optimal, leading to city travel trajectories being “tragic”, meaning that individuals choose a faster commuting time but create a slower urban mobility as a collective result. Hence, the city evolves, producing longer average commuting times. It is also shown that if a new mode of transport has a small baseline commuting time but has a high induced impact for other users, then introducing it might result in a counter-intuitive result producing more congestion, rather than less.

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